From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Leloir pathway is a
metabolic pathway for the catabolism of
D -galactose . It is named after
Luis Federico Leloir , who first described it.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
Intermediates and enzymes in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism
[5]
In the first step,
galactose mutarotase facilitates the conversion of β-D -galactose to α-D -galactose since this is the active form in the pathway. Next, α-D -galactose is
phosphorylated by
galactokinase to
galactose 1-phosphate . In the third step,
D -galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase converts galactose 1-phosphate to
UDP-galactose using
UDP-glucose as the
uridine diphosphate source. Finally,
UDP-galactose 4-epimerase recycles the UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose for the transferase reaction. Additionally,
phosphoglucomutase converts the D-glucose 1-phosphate to
D -glucose 6-phosphate .
[6]
References
^ Trucco, R.E.; Caputto, R; Leloir, L.F.; Mittelman, N (1948). "Galactokinase". Arch. Biochem . 18 (1): 137–146.
PMID
18871223 .
^ Caputto, R; Leloir, L.F.; Trucco, R.E.; Cardini, C.E.; Paladini, A C (1949).
"The enzymatic transformation of galactose into glucose derivatives" . J. Biol. Chem . 179 (1): 497–498.
doi :
10.1016/S0021-9258(18)56863-0 .
hdl :
11336/135761 .
PMID
18119268 .
^ Cardini, C. E.; Paladini, A. C.; Caputto, R.; Leloir, L. F. (1950). "Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: The Coenzyme of the Galactose–Glucose Phosphate Isomerization". Nature . 165 (4188): 191–192.
Bibcode :
1950Natur.165..191C .
doi :
10.1038/165191a0 .
hdl :
11336/140707 .
S2CID
44975916 .
^ Leloir, Luis F. (1951). "The enzymatic transformation of uridine diphosphate glucose into a galactose derivative". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics . 33 (2): 186–190.
doi :
10.1016/0003-9861(51)90096-3 .
hdl :
11336/140700 .
PMID
14885999 .
^ Holden HM, Rayment I, Thoden JB (November 2003).
"Structure and function of enzymes of the Leloir pathway for galactose metabolism" . J. Biol. Chem . 278 (45): 43885–8.
doi :
10.1074/jbc.R300025200 .
PMID
12923184 .
^ Frey PA (March 1996).
"The Leloir pathway: a mechanistic imperative for three enzymes to change the stereochemical configuration of a single carbon in galactose" . FASEB J . 10 (4): 461–70.
doi :
10.1096/fasebj.10.4.8647345 .
PMID
8647345 .
S2CID
13857006 . Retrieved 2011-04-01 .