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Leaky gut syndrome is a hypothetical and medically unrecognized condition. [1] [2]
Unlike the scientific phenomenon of increased intestinal permeability ("leaky gut"), [1] [3] claims for the existence of "leaky gut syndrome" as a distinct medical condition come mostly from nutritionists and practitioners of alternative medicine. [1] [4] [5] Proponents claim that a "leaky gut" causes chronic inflammation throughout the body that results in a wide range of conditions, including chronic fatigue syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, migraines, multiple sclerosis, and autism. [1] [4] There is little evidence to support this hypothesis. [1] [6]
Stephen Barrett has described "leaky gut syndrome" as a fad diagnosis and says that its proponents use the alleged condition as an opportunity to sell a number of alternative-health remedies – including diets, herbal preparations, and dietary supplements. [5] In 2009, Seth Kalichman wrote that some pseudoscientists claim that the passage of proteins through a "leaky" gut is the cause of autism. [7] Evidence for claims that a leaky gut causes autism is weak and conflicting. [8]
Advocates tout various treatments for "leaky gut syndrome", such as dietary supplements, probiotics, herbal remedies, gluten-free foods, and low- FODMAP, low-sugar, and/or antifungal diets, but there is little evidence that the treatments offered are of benefit. [1] None have been adequately tested to determine whether they are safe and effective for this purpose. [4] The U.K. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) does not recommend the use of any special diets to manage the main symptoms of autism or leaky gut syndrome. [1]