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Genus of gastropods
Kermia is a
genus of
sea snails , marine
gastropod
mollusks in the
family
Raphitomidae .
[1]
This genus is closely related to
Pseudodaphnella Boettger, 1895 . They form together a genus-complex with a highly underestimated diversity, leading to intermixed
clades . The lack of morphologic criteria requires the generic assignment of several species clearly to be reconsidered.
Description
The elongate, fusiform shell has a narrow
aperture that is nearly half the length of the shell. The
protoconch consists of two
whorls . But only in a few species the
sculpture of the protoconch is coarsely diagonally reticulate. The shell structure is reticulate with glossy nodules on the intersections of the ribs and lirae. The
siphonal canal is short and wide. The U-shaped or linguiform anal sinus is deep, located near the suture and is surrounded by a thick outer
lip . The outer lip is denticulate within. The
columella is smooth.
[2]
Distribution
This marine genus is widely distributed in the Indo Pacific, from the
Red Sea to
Easter Island ; off
Queensland , Australia
Species
Species within the genus Kermia include:
[1]
Kermia aegyptiaca Kilburn & Dekker, 2008
[3]
Kermia aglaia (Melvill, 1904)
[4]
Kermia albicaudata (Smith E. A., 1882)
[5]
Kermia albifuniculata (Reeve, 1846)
[6]
Kermia alveolata (Dautzenberg, 1912)
[7]
Kermia aniani Kay, 1979
[8]
Kermia apicalis (Montrouzier in Souverbie, 1861)
Kermia benhami Oliver, 1915
[9]
Kermia bifasciata (Pease, 1860)
[10]
Kermia brunnea (Pease, 1860)
[11]
†
Kermia bulbosa Harzhauser, 2014
Kermia caletria (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
[12]
Kermia canistra (Hedley, 1922)
[13]
Kermia catharia (Melvill, 1917)
[14]
Kermia cavernosa (Reeve, 1845)
Kermia chichijimana (Pilsbry, 1904)
[15]
Kermia clathurelloides Kilburn, 2009
Kermia crassula Rehder, 1980
[16]
Kermia cylindrica (Pease, 1860)
[17]
Kermia daedalea (Garrett, 1873)
[18]
Kermia drupelloides Kilburn, 2009
Kermia episema (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
Kermia eugenei Kilburn, 2009
Kermia euryacme (Melvill, 1927)
Kermia euzonata (Hervier, 1897)
Kermia felina (Reeve, 1843)
Kermia geraldsmithi Kilburn, 2009
Kermia granosa (Dunker, 1871)
[19]
Kermia harenula (Hedley, 1922)
[20]
Kermia informa McLean & Poorman, 1971
[21]
Kermia irretita (Hedley, 1899)
Kermia lutea (Pease, 1860)
[22]
Kermia maculosa (Pease, 1863)
Kermia margaritifera (Reeve, 1846)
Kermia melanoxytum (Hervier, 1896)
[23]
Kermia netrodes Melvill, 1917
Kermia producta (Pease, 1860)
[24]
Kermia pumila (Mighels, 1845)
[25]
Kermia punctifera (Garrett, 1873)
Kermia pustulosum (Folin, 1867)
[26]
Kermia sagenaria Rehder, 1980
[27]
Kermia spanionema Melvill, 1917
Kermia subcylindrica (Hervier, 1897)
[28]
Kermia tessellata (Hinds, 1843)
[29]
Kermia thespesia (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
[30]
Kermia thorssoni Chang, 2001
[31]
Kermia tippetti Chang, 2001
[32]
Kermia tokyoensis (Pilsbry, 1895)
Species brought into synonymy
Kermia anxia Hedley, 1909 : synonym of
Exomilus edychrous (Hervier, 1897)
Kermia barnardi (Brazier, 1876) : synonym of
Pseudodaphnella barnardi (Brazier, 1876)
Kermia chrysolitha (Melvill & Standen, 1896) : synonym of Kermia punctifera (Garrett, 1873)
Kermia clandestina Deshayes, 1863 : synonym of Kermia pumila clandestina (Deshayes, 1863)
Kermia edychroa (Hervier, 1897) :
[33] synonym of
Exomilus edychrous (Hervier, 1897)
Kermia gracilis de Folin, 1879 : synonym of
Exomilus edychrous (Hervier, 1897)
Kermia hirsuta (de Folin, 1867) : synonym of
Microdaphne trichodes (Dall, 1919)
Kermia margaritifera Reeve, 1846 : synonym of Kermia foraminata (Reeve, 1845)
Kermia mauritiana Sowerby, 1893 : synonym of Kermia producta (Pease, 1860)
Kermia oligoina Hedley, 1922 : synonym of
Pseudodaphnella oligoina Hedley, 1922
Kermia picta Dunker, 1871 : synonym of
Philbertia felina (Reeve, 1843)
Kermia pyrgodea (Melvill, 1917) :
[34] synonym of Kermia producta (Pease, 1860)
Kermia receptoria (Melvill & Standen, 1901) : synonym of
Daphnella receptoria Melvill & Standen, 1901
Kermia rufolirata (Hervier, 1897) :
[35] synonym of
Pseudodaphnella rufolirata (Hervier, 1897)
Kermia semilineata Garrett, 1873 : synonym of Kermia granosa (Dunker, 1871)
Kermia spelaeodea (Hervier, 1897) :
[36] synonym of
Pseudodaphnella infrasulcata (Garrett, 1873)
Kermia subspurca (Hervier, 1896) :
[37] synonym of
Hemilienardia subspurca (Hervier, 1896)
Kermia thereganum Melvill & Standen, 1896 : synonym of Kermia lutea (Pease, 1860)
Kermia violacea Pease, W.H., 1868 : synonym of Kermia pumila (Mighels, 1845)
Species that are nomem dubium
References
^
a
b
c
Kermia Oliver, 1915 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 3 October 2010.
^
W.R.B. Oliver, The Mollusca of the Kermadec Islands ; Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute Volume: 47 (1915)
^
Kermia aegyptiaca Kilburn & Dekker, 2008 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia aglaia (Melvill, 1904) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia albicaudata (Smith E. A., 1882) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia albifuniculata (Reeve, 1846) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia alveolata (Dautzenberg, 1912) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia aniani Kay, 1979 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia benhami Oliver, 1915 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia bifasciata (Pease, 1860) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia brunnea (Pease, 1860) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia caletria (Melvill & Standen, 1896) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia canistra (Hedley, 1922) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia catharia (Melvill, 1917) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia chichijimana (Pilsbry, 1904) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia crassula Rehder, 1980 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia cylindrica (Pease, 1860) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia daedalea . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia granosa (Dunker, 1871) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia harenula (Hedley, 1922) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia informa McLean & Poorman, 1971 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia lutea (Pease, 1860) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia melanoxytum (Hervier, 1896) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia producta (Pease, 1860) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia pumila (Mighels, 1845) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia pustulosum (Folin, 1867) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia sagenaria Rehder, 1980 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia subcylindrica (Hervier, 1897) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia tessellata (Hinds, 1843) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia thespesia (Melvill & Standen, 1896) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia thorssoni Chang, 2001 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia tippetti Chang, 2001 . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia edychroa (Hervier, 1897) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia pyrgodea (Melvill, 1917) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia rufolirata (Hervier, 1897) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia spelaeodea (Hervier, 1897) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia subspurcum (Hervier, 1896) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
^
Kermia foraminata (Reeve, 1845) . Retrieved through:
World Register of Marine Species on 14 April 2010.
Bouchet P., Kantor Yu.I., Sysoev A. & Puillandre N. (2011) A new operational classification of the Conoidea . Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 273-308.
Powell, A.W.B. 1966. The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae, an evaluation of the valid taxa, both Recent and fossil, with list of characteristic species. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. Auckland, New Zealand 5: 1–184, pls 1–23
Kilburn, R. N. 2009. Genus Kermia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea: Conidae: Raphitominae) in South African waters, with observations on the identities of related extralimital species. African Invertebrates 50(2): 217-236
External links
Tucker, J.K. (2004).
"Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)" (PDF) . Zootaxa . 682 : 1–1295.
doi :
10.11646/zootaxa.682.1.1 .
Gastropods.com for images
Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: Raphitomidae
Oliver W.R.B. (1915) The Mollusca of the Kermadec Islands. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 47, 509–568, pls. 9–12
Fedosov, Alexander E., and Nicolas Puillandre. "Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Kermia–Pseudodaphnella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Raphitomidae) genus complex: a remarkable radiation via diversification of larval development." Systematics and Biodiversity 10.4 (2012): 447-477
Archived 2021-09-10 at the
Wayback Machine
Baoquan Li & Xinzheng Li (2014) Report on the Raphitomidae Bellardi, 1875 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) from the China Seas, Journal of Natural History, 48:17-18, 999-1025