John Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tiptoft (died 27 January 1443) was a
Knight of the Shire for Huntingdonshire and Somerset, Speaker of the House of Commons, Treasurer of the Household, Chief Butler of England, Treasurer of the Exchequer and Seneschal of
Landes and Aquitaine.
Early life
This English nobleman was the eldest son and heir of Sir Pain Tiptoft (died c. 1413) by his spouse, Agnes, née Wrothe (d. bef. 1413). He was
Lord of the Manors of
Burwell and Eversden, in
Cambridgeshire. In 1413, he was heir to his first cousin, Elizabeth Wrothe, wife of Sir William Palton, Kt., by which he inherited the manors of
Nether Wallop,
Hampshire, Worcesters (in
Enfield),
Middlesex, and
Redlynch (in
Downton, Wiltshire).
Through his father, he is a descendant of
Charlemagne.
Career
Tiptoft's early rise to prominence rested on fortuitous connexions. His father, Sir Payn, was closely attached to Richard, earl of Arundel, one of the Lords Appellant of 1388, but he himself joined the household of another of their number, Henry of Bolingbroke, so that as a young esquire, between April and September 1397, he spent 125 days serving infra curia at a wage of 7½d.a day. He continued in Henry's service right up to his exile, and it is highly probable that he and his father rallied to the Lancastrian banner soon after Bolingbroke's landing in Yorkshire to claim his birthright.
John was among the 46 esquires knighted by Henry on the eve of his coronation, and it was as a "King's knight" that, on 13 November 1399, he was formally retained for life with a substantial annuity of 100 marks charged on the royal revenues from Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire.
On 7 January 1426, he was summoned to the House of Lords whereby he was created
Baron Tiptoft.
Marriage and progeny
John Tiptoft married twice, leaving progeny by his 2nd marriage only:
Firstly, before 24 February 1408, to a widow, Philippa Talbot (c. 1367–1417), daughter of Sir John Talbot, of
Richard's Castle,
Herefordshire. They had no issue.
He married secondly, by royal licence[2] dated 28 February 1422, to Joyce Charleton (c. 1404–1446), the younger daughter and co-heiress of
Edward Charleton, 5th Baron Cherleton by his first wife
Eleanor Holland. By Joyce Charleton he had the following children:
Sir John, 1st Lord Tiptoft, was buried at Enfield in Middlesex, early in February 1443. His widow, Joyce (or Joice), was buried in St Andrew's Church, Enfield Town, c. 1446.[5]
^As for example quartered by the Barons Scrope of Bolton, (the 2nd baron (d. 1403) married one of the co-heiresses of Robert Tiptoft, 3rd Baron Tibetot (d. 1372)) to be seen in quarterings of
John Wyndham (1558–1645), Watchet Church, Somerset
^Royal licence required for marriages of heiress and widows of a
tenant-in-chief
^Ward, J.S.M. (1912).
Brasses. p. 27. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
Mitchell, R. J. (1938). John Tiptoft (1427-70). London.{{
cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link)
Roskell, J. S. The Commons and their speakers in English parliaments, 1376–1523 (1965). pp. 147–9, 367–8.
Roskell, J. S. (1983). Parliament and politics in late medieval England. Vol. 3. pp. 107–50.
Roskell, J. S.; Woodger, L. S. (1993).
"TIPTOFT, Sir John (d.1443), of Burwell, Cambs.". In Clark, Linda; Rawcliffe, Carole; Roskell, J. S. (eds.). The House of Commons 1386-1421. The History of Parliament Trust.