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Indo-Pacific gecko
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Gekkonidae
Genus: Hemidactylus
Species:
H. garnotii
Binomial name
Hemidactylus garnotii
Synonyms [2]
  • Hemidactylus garnotii
    A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1836
  • Hoplodion garnotii
    — Fitzinger, 1843
  • Doryura garnotii
    — Gray, 1845
  • Hemidactylus garnotii
    — Boulenger, 1885
  • Lepidodactylus garnotii
    — Henshaw, 1902
  • Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]
    — de Rooij, 1915
  • Hemidactylus garnotii
    — Conant & Collins, 1991

The Indo-Pacific gecko (Hemidactylus garnotii), also known commonly as Garnot's house gecko, the fox gecko, and the Assam greyish brown gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is found in India, across Southeast Asia, Australia, and throughout Polynesia. Adults are about 4 to 5 in (10 to 13 cm) in total length (including tail). They are seen as dark gray or brown with light markings in daylight and a pale, translucent colour at night. The belly is orange or yellow. The head has a long, narrow snout, hence the name fox gecko. The flattened tail has a row of spiny scales on the lateral edges. The species is parthenogenic – all individuals are female and lay eggs that hatch without requiring male fertilisation. [3]

In Hawaii, the species is thought to be a long-term resident. Formerly considered a house gecko, it has been displaced to natural habitats by the more recently arrived common house gecko. [3] In Florida and Georgia, it has become established as an invasive species of concern. [4] [5]

Etymology

The specific name, garnotii, is in honor of French naturalist Prosper Garnot. [6]

Description

Snout obtusely pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, 1.5 to 1.6 times the diameter of the orbit; forehead slightly concave; ear-opening small, rounded. Body and limbs moderate. A slight but distinct fold of the skin along the flanks, and another bordering the hind limb posteriorly. Digits free or with a very slight rudiment of web, moderately dilated, inner well developed; infradigital lamellae oblique, 6 or 7 under the inner digits, 10 to 12 under the fourth finger, and 11 to 14 under the fourth toe. Upper surfaces and throat covered with minute granular scales, a little larger on the snout; abdominal scales moderate, imbricate. Rostral subquadrangular, with median cleft above; nostril pierced between the rostral and three nasals; 12 or 13 upper and 9 to 11 lower labials; mental large, triangular, in contact posteriorly with a pair of pentagonal chin-shields, followed by a second smaller pair; the anterior pair of chin-shields in contact with the first infralabial, and with each other mesially; the posterior pair separated from each other, and also completely or nearly completely from the labials. Tail depressed, flat beneath, with sharp denticulated lateral edge; the scales on the upper surface very small, equal; those on the lower surface larger, imbricate, with a median series of large, transversely dilated plates. [7]

Brownish grey above, uniform or with more or less distinct brown and whitish spots; lower surfaces uniform whitish. [7]

Snout to vent length (SVL) 2.3 in (5.8 cm); tail 2.6 in (6.6 cm). [7]

Reproduction

H. garnotii is a parthenogenetic species. [8]

Geographic range

Sikkim, Burma, Malay Peninsula and Malay Archipelago, South Pacific Islands.

NE Bangladesh, NE India ( Darjeeling, Assam, Sikkim), Nepal, Bhutan, Thailand, Myanmar (= Burma), Malaysia, southern China ( Hong Kong, Guangdong, Hainan, southern Yunnan), Taiwan, Philippine Islands, New Zealand (introduced), Indonesia ( Sumatra, Nias, Borneo, Java), New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, Polynesia, Fiji, Western Samoa.

It is also found in Seychelles. [9]

Introduced into Hawaii, Florida, and the Bahamas. [10]

Type locality: "l'Ile de Taiti [= Tahiti, French Polynesia]".

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Thaksintham, W.; Sumontha, M.; Phimmachak, S.; Neang, T.; Lwin, K.; Stuart, B.L.; Wogan, G.; Danaisawat, P.; Yang, J.; Iskandar, D.; Wang, Y. (2021). "Hemidactylus garnotii ". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T176157A1434934. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T176157A1434934.en. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  2. ^ Species Hemidactylus garnotii at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
  3. ^ a b Pascatore, Linda (2008). "Birds and Plants of Kauai: The Gecko" Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine. accessed 6 February 2011
  4. ^ Everglades CISMA Cooperative Invasive Species Management Area website, "Indo-Pacific Gecko" page, accessed 6 February 2011
  5. ^ Georgia Invasive Species Task Force website, "Other Invasive Species of Concern in Georgia", accessed 6 February 2011
  6. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN  978-1-4214-0135-5. (Hemidactylus garnotii, p. 98).
  7. ^ a b c Boulenger GA (1890). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xviii + 541 pp. ("Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]", pp. 94–95).
  8. ^ Kluge AG, Eckardt MJ (1969). "Hemidactylus garnotii Duméril & Bibron, a tripoid, all-female species of gekkonid lizard". Copeia 1969 (4): 651-664.
  9. ^ "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". Iucnredlist.org. Retrieved 2022-08-10.
  10. ^ "Indo-Pacific Gecko". geckoweb. Finding species. Archived from the original on 2014-08-18. Retrieved 2009-01-29.

Further reading

  • Behler JL, King FW (1979). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp. ISBN  0-394-50824-6. ("Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]", pp. 492–493 + Plate 401).
  • Boulenger GA (1885). Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume I. Geckonidæ .... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 436 pp. + Plates I-XXXII. (Hemidactylus garnotii, pp. 141–142).
  • Conant R (1975). A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. xviii + 429 pp. + Plates 1–48. ISBN  0-395-19979-4 (hardcover), ISBN  0-395-19977-8 (paperback). ("Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]", p. 84 + Plate 17 + Map 43).
  • Crawford, Daniel M.; Somma, Louis A. (1993). "Hemidactylus garnotii (Indo-Pacific gecko)". Herpetological Review 24 (3): 108–109.
  • Das I (2002). A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. ISBN  0-88359-056-5. ("Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]", p. 98).
  • Duméril AMC, Bibron G (1836). Erpétologie générale ou Histoire naturelle complète des Reptiles, Tome troisième [=Volume 3]. Paris: Roret. iv + 517 pp. (Hemidactylus garnotii, new species, pp. 368–369). (in French).
  • Goin CJ, Goin OB, Zug GR (1978). Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. xi + 378 pp. ISBN  0-7167-0020-4. ("Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]", pp. 148, 285).
  • Gray JE (1845). Catalogue of the Specimens of Lizards in the Collection of the British Museum. London: Trustees of the British Museum. (Edward Newman, printer). xxviii + 289 pp. (Doryura garnotii, p. 157).
  • Meshaka, Walter E. Jr. (1995). "Hemidactylus garnotii ". Herpetological Review 26 (2): 108.
  • Smith HM, Brodie ED Jr (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN  0-307-13666-3. ("Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]", pp. 68–69).
  • Smith MA (1935). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. II.—Sauria. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiii + 440 pp. + Plate I + 2 maps. ("Hemidactylus garnoti [sic]", pp. 100–101).
  • Stoliczka F (1871). "Notes on new or little-known Indian lizards". Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Calcutta) 1871: 192–195.


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