| Ictalurus pricei | |
|---|---|
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| Individual found dead near the San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge | |
Scientific classification
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Ictaluridae |
| Genus: | Ictalurus |
| Species: | I. pricei
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| Binomial name | |
| Ictalurus pricei (
Rutter, 1896)
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| Synonyms | |
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Ictalurus pricei, the Yaqui catfish, is a species of North American freshwater catfish native to Mexico and Arizona.
Description
The coloration of the Yaqui catfish is dark gray to black dorsally, and white to grayish beneath. The barbels of the catfish are jet-black except on the chin, where they are gray to whitened. The Yaqui catfish body is usually profusely speckled. [4] A reddish coloration on the catfish is prominent beneath the head, as well as on the fins and tail.[ citation needed] The adult size is up to 57.0 centimetres (22.4 in). [5] The spines on the pectoral and dorsal fins are shorter than those of a channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) of similar size. [6]
Etymology
I. pricei was named in honour of William W. Price. [7]
Range
The Yaqui catfish historically occurred in San Bernardino Creek as far up as San Bernardino Ranch, Arizona. An introduced population of catfish existed in the Monkey Springs Reservoir system near Patagonia, Arizona, from 1899 until the 1950s. The stock presumably came from the Rio Sonora basin of Sonora, Mexico, where the species still lives. [8] A small population of 350 fish has been reintroduced into the Rio Yaqui on the northernmost portion of the San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge in November 1997. [8]
Habitat
Yaqui catfish are found primarily in ponds or streams, primarily in larger rivers, but also in small streams, where they prefer quiet, clear pools. The catfish are most common in larger rivers in areas of medium to slow currents over sand/rock bottoms. [9] Streams flow intermittently in the dry season, and the catfish seeks refuge in permanent, often spring fed pools. [5]
Population trends
Yaqui catfish survived in San Bernardino Creek until spring flows diminished because of groundwater pumping causing the creek to dry up. The remaining habitat at San Bernardino Creek was severely trampled by livestock, making it uninhabitable. [10] The catfish were introduced in 1899 into the Santa Cruz River system (in a reservoir fed by Monkey Spring), where they persisted until the 1950s. A small population of 350 fish has been reintroduced into the Rio Yaqui on the northernmost portion of the San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge in November 1997, but outside the San Bernardino refuge, they have become extinct from United States waters. [4][ failed verification]
Management factors
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Activities known to be detrimental to the Yaqui catfish populations are the dewatering of habitats through stream usage and rerouting, stream impoundment, channelization, domestic livestock grazing, timber harvesting, mining, road construction, polluting, and stocking non-native species.
Threats: aquifer pumping, reduction in stream flows, water diversion, drought, hybridization, and competition and predation by non-native fishes
Management needs: protect San Bernardino aquifers, and Leslie Creek and Black Draw watersheds to ensure adequate perennial flow, ameliorate effects of non-native fishes, reintroduce into suitable habitats within historical range, stabilize and protect populations in Mexico
References
- ^ NatureServe.; Lyons, T.J. (2019). "Ictalurus pricei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T10770A130012248. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T10770A130012248.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ 49 FR 34490
- ^ "Yaqui Catfish". U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
- ^ a b Minckley, W.L. 1973. Fishes of Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix. pp. 179–180.
- ^ a b Arizona Game and Fish Department (2001). "Ictalurus pricei" (PDF). AGFD Animal Abstract. Phoenix, AZ: Heritage Data Management System, Arizona Game and Fish Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2009-11-04.
- ^ "Yaqui Catfish". Ichthyology. Gainesville: Florida Museum. 2023. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
- ^ Fisher, Walter K. (March 1923). "William Wightman Price" (PDF). The Condor. 25: 50–57. doi: 10.2307/1362900.
- ^ a b Miller, R.R. 1977. Composition of the native fish fauna of the Chihuahuan Desert Region. In Water and Riskind, eds, Transactions of the symposium on the biological resources of the Chihuahuan Desert Region. Transactions of proceedings series No. 3. U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington D.C.
- ^ Hendrickson et al. 1979. Rept. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
- ^ Hendrickson, D.A.; Minckley, W.L.; Miller, R.R.; et al. (1980). "Fishes of the Rio Yaqui Basin, Mexico and United States". Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science. 15 (3): 78–79.