The Hitachi Furyumono (日立風流物) is a parade in Hitachi city, Japan. [1] It is held during Hitachi Sakura Matsuri (日立さくらまつり), the annual cherry blossom festival in April, and the Great Festival at the local Kamine Shrine once in every seven years in May. [1] [2] It is inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists as a part of " Yama, Hoko, Yatai, float festivals in Japan ", 33 traditional Japan festivals. [3] [4]
Furyumono is a puppet show performed onstage on the floats. [5] Each of four local communities - Kita-machi (北町), Higashi-machi (東町), Nishi-machi (西町) and Moto-machi (元町) - has their own float. [1] During the annual festival, one community presents its parade float each year. [1] During the Great Festival at Kamine Shrine, the four communities compete for the most skilled puppeteers and the best hospitality to the local deity. [1]
The floats are five tons in weight, 15 meters in height, and from 3 to 8 meters in width. [6] Each of them has a five-storied stage, and on each stage puppets play a scene of one story respectively. [5]
Each puppet is controlled by three to five puppeteers manipulating the ropes. [1]
The origin of the parade goes back to 1695. [5] According to Kamine Shrine, Tokugawa Mitsukuni, the second lord of Mito Domain, appointed Kamine Shrine as the Sou-Chinju, the local tutelary shrine. [7] People held religious festivals and dedicated floats to the shrine. [5]
In the early 18th century, a puppet show began supposedly imitating Ningyō jōruri, the puppet theater with chanted narration that was very popular in Edo and Osaka area at that time. [5]
In 1945, most of the floats were lost in the war disasters, but Furyumono was restored in 1958. [5] In addition, the existing float was registered as the Important Tangible Folk Cultural Property in 1959. [8]
In 1977, Furyumono was registered as the Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property. [6]
In 2009, it was inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists with the Yamahoko parade of Gion Matsuri. [4] In 2016, these two parades and 31 traditional festivals were registered on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists [4] as " Yama, Hoko, Yatai, float festivals in Japan ", the representative examples showing the diversity of Japan local cultures. [3]
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