Henry Gough-Calthorpe, 1st Baron Calthorpe (1 January 1749 – 16 March 1798), known until 1796 as Sir Henry Gough, 2nd Baronet, was a British politician who sat in the
House of Commons from 1774 to 1796 when he was raised to the
peerage.[1]
In the
1774 general election, Gough was returned as the
Member of Parliament for
Bramber, a
rotten borough controlled by his family.[1] He was returned again in
1780 and
1784. He took the additional surname of Calthorpe by royal licence in 1788 on succeeding to the estates of his maternal uncle,
Sir Henry Calthorpe. Previously an independent member, from 1788 he was a supporter of
William Pitt the Younger.[1] He was returned again for Bramber in
1790. In 1791 he opposed the repeal of the
Test Act in Scotland and in March 1796 he voted against abolition of the
slave trade.[1] On 16 June 1796, he was created Baron Calthorpe, of Calthorpe in the
County of Norfolk, in the
Peerage of Great Britain, and gave up his seat in the House of Commons.[2] He had first applied for a peerage in 1789.[1]
Family
On 1 May 1783, Gough-Calthorpe married Frances Carpenter, the second daughter and co-heiress of General
Benjamin Carpenter.[2] They had eight children:
Henry Gough-Calthorpe (24 January 1784 – 4 November 1790, predeceasing his father)
Hon. Charles Gough-Calthorpe, later 2nd Baron Calthorpe (1786–1807)
Hon. George Gough-Calthorpe, later 3rd Baron Calthorpe (1787–1851)
Hon. John Gough-Calthorpe (5 May 1793 – 10 June 1816)
Hon. Arthur Gough-Calthorpe (14 November 1796 – 5 March 1836)
Hon. Frances Elizabeth Gough-Calthorpe (c. 1785 – 2 September 1868)
Hon. Harriet Gough-Calthorpe (died 12 February 1813)
The first baron was succeeded in the baronetcy, his eldest son having predeceased him, by his next three sons in turn. The widowed Lady Calthorpe took up residence in
Grosvenor Square.[3] She died on 1 May 1827, while visiting
Brighton.
Arms
Coat of arms of Henry Gough-Calthorpe, 1st Baron Calthorpe
Crest
1st: A Boar's Head couped at the neck Azure (Calthorpe); 2nd: A Boar's Head couped Argent pierced through the cheek with a Broken Spear Gules (Gough)
Escutcheon
Quarterly: 1st and 4th, Checky Or and Azure a Fess Ermine (Calthorpe); 2nd and 3rd, Gules on a Fess Argent between three Boars' Heads couped Or a Lion passant Azure (Gough)
Supporters
On either side a Wild Man proper his Hair and Beard Sable wreathed about the head and waist with Oak Vert fructed Or the exterior hand holding a Club erect of the last
Motto
Gradu Diverso Via Una (The same way by different steps)
References
^
abcdefPort, M.H. (1986). "GOUGH CALTHORPE (formerly GOUGH), Sir Henry, 2nd Bt. (1749-98), of Edgbaston, Warws.". In Thorne, R. (ed.).
The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1790-182. The History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
^
abcdA Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire (Henry Colburn, 1839), p. 163.