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This page describes how IPA is used to transcribe Yiddish words at Wikipedia. It follows the pronunciation of "Standard Yiddish" (or " YIVO Yiddish"), as described in such works as Uriel Weinreich's College Yiddish and Modern English-Yiddish Yiddish-English Dictionary. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Yiddish phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Yiddish.

Consonants
IPA Letter(s) English examples Romanization
b ב‎ ( beys) but b
d ד‎ ( daled) do d
דזש‎ ( daled zayen shin) joy dzh
f פֿ ף‎ (fey, i.e. pey with rafe on nonfinal form) fool, leaf f
ɡ ג‎ ( giml) go g
h ה‎ ( hey) hen h
j י‎ ( yud) yes y
k כּ‎ ( kof with dagesh) [1]
ק‎ ( kuf)
skin, thick k
l ל‎ ( lamed) bell l
ʎ ל Similar to million; Italian figlio l
m מ ם‎ ( mem) man, tam m
n נ ן‎ ( nun) no, tin n
ŋ [2] נ‎ when followed by ג‎ or ק finger, drink n in the combinations ng, nk
p פּ‎ ( pey with dagesh) spin, tip p
r [3]; ʁ ר‎ ( reysh) American atom or French rouge/ Northumbrian burr r
s ס‎ ( samekh)
שׂ‎ (sin, i.e. shin with a sin dot) [1]
ת‎ (sof, i.e. tof with no dagesh) [1]
see, pass s
ʃ ש‎ ( shin) she, leash sh
t ט‎ ( tes)
תּ‎ ( tof with dagesh) [1]
sting, bet t
t͡s צ ץ‎ ( tsadek) tsunami, sits ts
טש‎ (tes shin) chair, teach tsh
v בֿ‎ (veys, i.e. beys with rafe) [1]
וו‎ (tsvey vovn)
voice v
χ ח‎ ( khes) [1]
כ ך‎ (khof, i.e. kof with no dagesh)
Like Scottish loch but with the tongue further back; French proche kh
z ז‎ ( zayen) zoo z
ʒ זש‎ (zayen shin) pleasure zh
Vowels
Full vowels ( monophthongs)
IPA Letter(s) English examples Romanization
a אַ‎ ( pasekh alef) father a
ɛ ע‎ ( ayin) bed e
ɪ י‎ ( yud) bid i
ɔ אָ‎ ( komets alef) boss o
ʊ ו‎ ( vov) foot u
Diphthongs
ײַ‎ (pasekh tsvey yudn) fine, why ay
ɛɪ יי‎ (tsvey yudn) day, pain ey
ɔɪ וי‎ (vov yud) loin, boy oy
Reduced vowels
ə עor none sofa e
ל bottle l
נ ן button n
Other symbols used in transcription of Yiddish
IPA Explanation
ˈ Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), e.g. אײזל [ˈɛɪzl̩] 'donkey'
ˌ Secondary stress, e.g. מאַמע־לשון [ˈmaməˌlɔʃn̩] 'Yiddish as mother tongue'

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Only in words of Semitic origin.
  2. ^ Not a separate phoneme of Yiddish, but an allophone of /n/ before /ɡ, k/
  3. ^ The rhotic /r/ is a phonetically variable consonant. It may be either alveolar or uvular, but it is more commonly a flap/tap ɾ ~ ʀ̆ than a trill r ~ ʀ ( Kleine (2003:263)).

Bibliography

  • Kleine, Ane (2003), "Standard Yiddish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (2): 261–265, doi: 10.1017/S0025100303001385

See also