Bottomland forest is woodland on lowland alluvial floodplains or lower terraces of rivers and streams.[1] Bottomland forest is very rare in Europe.[2] The bottomland hardwood forest is a type of
deciduous and
evergreenhardwood forest found in broad
lowland floodplains along large rivers and lakes in the United States[3] and elsewhere.[4] They are occasionally flooded, which builds up the
alluvial soils required for the
gum,
oak and
bald cypress trees that typically grow in this type of
biome.[5] The trees often develop unique characteristics to allow submergence, including
cypress knees and fluted trunks, but can not survive continuous flooding.[6]
Typical examples of this forest type are found throughout the
Gulf Coast states, and along the
Mississippi River in the United States. It is estimated there were 24,000,000 acres (97,000 km2) in the region before foresting and farming reduced it to approximately 4,000,000 acres (16,000 km2) today.[7][8]
^"Bottomland Forests". Benton Soil And Water Conservation District. Retrieved 2024-04-14.
^Kirwan, Guy; Demirci, Barbaros; Welch, Hilary; Boyla, Kerem; Özen, Metehan; Castell, Peter; Marlow, Tim (2008). The Birds of Turkey. Helm. p. 35.
ISBN9781408104750. Bottomland forest is an extremely rare habitat throughout Europe
^"Bottomland Hardwood Forest"(PDF). Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. December 2005. Archived from
the original(PDF) on March 6, 2007. Retrieved 2009-04-25.
^"Bottomland Hardwoods". School of Forest Resources and Conservation at the University of Florida. Archived from
the original on 2009-05-27. Retrieved 2009-04-25.