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This article is about a class of tram that first ran on the street tramways of Adelaide, South Australia in 1929. For an overview of the city's tram types, see Tram types in Adelaide.

H type
H type at Victoria Square in May 2005
Manufacturer A Pengelly & Co
Built at Edwardstown
Constructed1929
Number built30
Number in service0
Number preserved16
Formationsingles or pairs
Fleet numbers351-380
Capacity64
Operators Adelaide Metro
Specifications
Traction system4 x 60hp Dick, Kerr & Co 1089
Power supply600 V DC overhead wire
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)

The H type Adelaide tram was a class of 30 trams built by A Pengelly & Co, Adelaide in 1929 for use on the newly constructed Glenelg tram line. They remained in regular revenue service until replaced by Bombardier Flexity Classic trams in 2006.

Overview

360 in 2008 at the Tramway Museum, St Kilda
Interior of 367 in 2010
Trams at Moseley Square, Glenelg

The 30 H types (numbers 351 - 380) were built locally by A Pengelly & Co in 1929 to operate the newly converted Glenelg tram line which opened on 14 December 1929. They were also used on the Henley North line from 1935 and through to Kensington Gardens after these lines were through-routed [note 1] in 1952. The H type regularly ran as double sets at busier times. All services were operated by a crew of driver and conductor (driver and two conductors on coupled sets). [1]

They have many of the characteristics of American interurban streetcars of that period and their heritage ambience has been carefully maintained. Although the H type trams have been through several refurbishment programmes over the years (incorporating more up-to-date features like safety glass, fluorescent lighting and upgraded bogies), they still retain varnished wood and etched glass interiors, a classic tuscan red and cream exterior colour scheme and neither heating nor air-conditioning in the passenger saloons. Between 1952 and 1956 all were repainted silver and carnation red, before being returned to tuscan red from 1971 with the last repainted in 1986. [2] In 1986, the trolley poles were replaced with pantographs.

In 1968, 366 and 377 were deemed surplus and scrapped. At the time, for operations management reasons all were run in coupled pairs, with an odd-numbered car being coupled to the next even-numbered car. This sometimes required cars to be re-numbered. Thus 353 and 354 were renumbered 377 and 366 to be married with 378 and 365 respectively. [3]

The H type were the longest rigid-body trams remaining in service in Australia, and the second-longest ever built. They travelled in pairs during peak times, and with the retirement of the W2 trams from Melbourne's network were the oldest passenger trams in service in Australia. [4]

In November 1990, 378 was fitted out as a restaurant car being repainted royal blue with gold lining. [5] On 15 July 2000, 372 was used to convey the Olympic flame from Glenelg to Morphettville as part of the 2000 Summer Olympics torch relay. [6]

Replacement

Most of the H type trams were replaced during 2006 by new Bombardier Flexity Classic trams. However, five H-class (351, 367, 370, 374 and 380) were refurbished in 2000, with the intention of retaining these cars for special weekend and holiday operations. [7] By 2012, only 351 and 367 remained; the other three were stored at Mitsubishi Motors Australia's Clovelly Park plant. [8]

In 2012, 351 was restored in tuscan red by Bluebird Rail Operations at Islington Railway Workshops and briefly operated weekend services in August 2013. [9] [10] [11] [12] In December 2013, 352 returned from overhaul by Bluebird Rail Operations painted silver and carnation red. [13] The only other recorded use of the pair was in February 2015, when they operated a charter. [14] The final charter run was by 352 in December 2015.[ citation needed]

To make room for new Alstom Citadis trams at the Glengowrie depot, in December 2017 both were moved to the Department of Planning, Transport & Infrastructure's Walkley Heights facility. [15] In 2021 they were donated to the Tramway Museum, St Kilda and transferred there as the sixth and seventh H cars on site.

Preservation

Several have been preserved:

H-class trams preserved in Australia
Class Number Location Comments
H 351 Tramway Museum, St Kilda On Static Display.
H 352 Tramway Museum, St Kilda Operational in Regular Traffic.
H 357 Sydney Tramway Museum [16] Stored at Canberra Railway Museum. Tram may been sold.
H 358 Sydney Tramway Museum Out of service, waiting parts.
H 360 Tramway Museum, St Kilda [17] Operational currently Out of Traffic.
H 361 Bridgewater Privately Owned, Formerly at Glenelg.
H 362 Tramway Museum, St Kilda On Static Display.
H 363 Lethbridge, Victoria Privately Owned.
H 364 Tramway Museum, St Kilda On Static Display.
H 365 Tramway Museum, St Kilda Operational in Regular Traffic.
H 366 Woodside, South Australia Privately Owned.
H 367 Tramway Museum, St Kilda
H 368 Tramway Museum Society of Victoria Formerly stored at Newport Workshops East Block.
H 369 Bendigo Tramways Not in use, advertised for sale in 2023.
H 370 ??? Withdrawn in 2009.
H 371 Perth Electric Tramway Society Stored at PETS - Whiteman Park WA
H 372 Perth Electric Tramway Society Stored at PETS - Whiteman Park WA
H 373 Tramway Museum Society of Victoria [18]
H 374 Old Tailem Town Pioneer Village Out by the entrance.
H 375 ??? Tram was in existence up until 2006 where it is believed to be scrapped. [19]
H 376 Bridgewater Privately Owned. Formerly at Glossop School.
H 377 ??? Privately Owned, no idea of location.
H 378 Tramway Museum, St Kilda On Static Display.
H 380 ??? Withdrawn in 2009.

In popular culture

  • 351 and 378 can be seen in the music video to Taiwanese pop singer Amber Fang's 1990 single "Ai qing de gu shi" (Love Story), which was filmed in Adelaide.

Notes

  1. ^ Through-routing: enabling running to the ends of both lines.

References

  1. ^ Destination Paradise. Sydney: Australian Electric Traction Association. 1975. pp. 29–30.
  2. ^ https://www.sydneytramwaymuseum.com.au/members.old/Trolley_Wire/280%20-%20Trolley%20Wire%20-%20Feb%202000.pdf [ bare URL PDF]
  3. ^ "Adelaide" Trolley Wire issue 117 August 1968 page 11
  4. ^ Hoadley, David (18 January 1996). "Type H". Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2007.
  5. ^ "Adelaide's Restaurant Tram" Trolley Wire issue 244 February 1991 page 9-11
  6. ^ "Trams and the Olympic Torch Relay" Trolley Wire issue 283 November 2000 page 10
  7. ^ "Glenelg Tram Refurbishment Project" Trolley Wire issue 285 May 2001 pages 16-19
  8. ^ "Adelaide tram news" Trolley Wire issue 328 February 2012 page 16
  9. ^ H-Class tram to return to the Glenelg to Adelaide tramline Adelaide Advertiser 27 July 2013
  10. ^ H type trams won't be brought back into service despite successful trial The Australian 15 February 2014
  11. ^ "Historic H Class trams will not return to regular operation" Railway Digest April 2014 page 16
  12. ^ "Still running…" Track & Signal October 2016 page 103
  13. ^ "Here & There" Trolley Wire issue 336 February 2014 page 18
  14. ^ "Here & There" Trolley Wire issue 341 May 2015 page 22
  15. ^ "Here & There" Trolley Wire issue 352 February 2018 page 19
  16. ^ Adelaide Tramways H Type Tramcars Sydney Tramway Museum
  17. ^ H type trams 360, 362, 364 & 365 Archived 4 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine Tramway Museum, St Kilda
  18. ^ Adelaide H Class 373 Tramway Museum Society of Victoria
  19. ^ https://didcotrailwaycentre.org.uk/zrailmotor93/archivenews_06/archivenews_06.html

External links

Media related to H class trams at Wikimedia Commons

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