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German World War II submarine
German submarine U-691 was a
Type VIIC/41
U-boat of
Nazi Germany 's
Kriegsmarine during
World War II . Her construction by
Howaldtswerke of
Hamburg was ordered on 2 April 1942, suspended on 30 September 1943, and cancelled on 22 July 1944.
[1] The new
Elektro Boat XXI design had made the Type VIIs obsolete.
In fiction
Neal Stephenson 's novel
Cryptonomicon includes a fictitious U-691 , a
Type IXD/42 ,
launched at
Wilhelmshaven on 19 September 1940 (four years before IXD/42s were actually developed) and fitted with an experimental
schnorkel .
References
^ Helgason, Guðmundur.
"U-691" . German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net . Retrieved 17 February 2010 .
Bibliography
Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary . Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press.
ISBN
1-55750-186-6 .
Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).
Der U-Boot-Krieg, 1939-1945: Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 ] (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler.
ISBN
3-8132-0514-2 .
Gröner, Eric; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991).
German Warships 1815-1945: U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels . Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press.
ISBN
0-85177-593-4 .
External links
Type VIIA Type VIIB Type VIIC Type VIIC/41 Type VIID Type VIIF