From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Genus of fishes
Fundulus is a
genus of
ray-finned fishes in the
superfamily Funduloidea,
family
Fundulidae (of which it is the
type genus ). It belongs to the
order of
toothcarps (Cyprinodontiformes), and therein the large suborder
Cyprinodontoidei . Most of its closest living relatives are egg-laying, with the notable exception of the splitfin livebearers (
Goodeidae ).
They are usually smallish; most species reaching a length of at most 4 in (10 cm) when fully grown. However, a few larger species exist, with the giant killifish (
F. grandissimus ) and the northern studfish (
F. catenatus ) growing to twice the genus' average size.
Many of the 40-odd species are commonly known by the highly ambiguous name "
killifish " (the general term for egg-laying toothcarps), or the somewhat less ambiguous "
topminnow " (a catch-all term for Fundulidae). "Studfish" is a quite unequivocal vernacular name applied to some other Fundulus species; it is not usually used to refer to the genus as a whole.
Fundulus have evolved to occupy a wide range of
aquatic ecosystems , including marine, estuarine, and freshwater, making it a good comparative model system for studying evolutionary divergence between marine and freshwater environments.
[2] To assist with this research,
Oxford Nanopore long-read reference genomes have been sequenced for F. xenicus,
F. catenatus ,
F. nottii , and
F. olivaceus
[3] .
Species
Russetfin Topminnow (F. escambiae )
There are currently 39 recognized species in this genus:
[4]
Fundulus albolineatus
C. H. Gilbert , 1891 (
Whiteline topminnow (
extinct ))
Fundulus bermudae
Günther , 1874 (Bermuda killifish)
Fundulus bifax
Cashner &
Rogers , 1988 (Stippled studfish)
Fundulus blairae
Wiley &
D. D. Hall , 1975 (Western starhead topminnow)
Fundulus catenatus (
D. H. Storer , 1846) (Northern studfish)
Fundulus chrysotus (
Günther , 1866) (
Golden topminnow )
Fundulus cingulatus
Valenciennes , 1846 (Banded topminnow)
Fundulus confluentus
Goode &
T. H. Bean , 1879 (Marsh killifish)
Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur, 1817)
Fundulus dispar (
Agassiz , 1854) (Starhead topminnow)
Fundulus escambiae (
Bollman , 1887) (Russetfin topminnow)
Fundulus euryzonus
Suttkus &
Cashner , 1981 (Broadstripe topminnow)
Fundulus grandis
S. F. Baird &
Girard , 1853 (Gulf killifish)
Fundulus grandissimus
C. L. Hubbs , 1936 (Giant killifish)
Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Fundulus heteroclitus heteroclitus (
Linnaeus , 1766) (Mummichog)
Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus (
Walbaum , 1792)
Fundulus jenkinsi (
Evermann , 1892) (Saltmarsh topminnow)
Fundulus julisia
J. D. Williams &
Etnier , 1982 (Barrens topminnow)
Fundulus kansae
Garman , 1895 (Northern plains killifish)
Fundulus lima
Vaillant , 1894
Fundulus lineolatus (
Agassiz , 1854) (Lined topminnow)
Fundulus luciae (
S. F. Baird , 1855) (Spotfin killifish)
Fundulus majalis (
Walbaum , 1792) (Striped killifish, Striped mummichog)
Fundulus notatus (
Rafinesque , 1820) (
Blackstripe topminnow )
Fundulus nottii (
Agassiz , 1854) (Bayou topminnow)
Fundulus olivaceus (
D. H. Storer , 1845) (Blackspotted topminnow)
Fundulus parvipinnis
Girard , 1854 (California killifish)
Fundulus persimilis
R. R. Miller , 1955 (Yucatán killifish)
Fundulus philpisteri
García-Ramírez ,
Contreras-Balderas &
Lozano-Vilano , 2007
Fundulus pulvereus (
Evermann , 1892) (Bayou killifish)
Fundulus rathbuni
D. S. Jordan &
Meek , 1889 (Speckled killifish)
Fundulus relictus
Able &
Felley , 1988 (Lover's Lake killifish)
Fundulus rubrifrons (
D. S. Jordan , 1880) (Redface topminnow)
Fundulus saguanus
Rivas , 1948
Fundulus sciadicus
Cope , 1865 (Plains topminnow)
Fundulus seminolis
Girard , 1859 (Seminole killifish)
Fundulus similis (
S. F. Baird &
Girard , 1853) (Longnose killifish)
Fundulus stellifer (
D. S. Jordan , 1877) (Southern studfish)
Fundulus waccamensis
C. L. Hubbs &
Raney , 1946 (Waccamaw killifish)
Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 (Diamond killifish)
Fundulus zebrinus
D. S. Jordan &
C. H. Gilbert , 1883 (Plains killifish)
The Cuban killifish (
Cubanichthys cubensis , a
pupfish ) was formerly placed in Fundulus .
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Fundulus .
^
Eschmeyer, William N. ; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
"Fundulus " .
Catalog of Fishes .
California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 23 September 2019 .
^ Burnett, Karen G.; Bain, Lisa J.; Baldwin, William S.; Callard, Gloria V.; Cohen, Sarah; Di Giulio, Richard T.; Evans, David H.; Gómez-Chiarri, Marta; Hahn, Mark E.; Hoover, Cindi A.; Karchner, Sibel I. (2007-12-01).
"Fundulus as the premier teleost model in environmental biology: Opportunities for new insights using genomics" . Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics . 2 (4): 257–286.
doi :
10.1016/j.cbd.2007.09.001 .
ISSN
1744-117X .
PMC
2128618 .
PMID
18071578 .
^ Johnson, Lisa K.; Sahasrabudhe, Ruta; Gill, James Anthony; Roach, Jennifer L.; Froenicke, Lutz; Brown, C. Titus; Whitehead, Andrew (2020-06-01).
"Draft genome assemblies using sequencing reads from Oxford Nanopore Technology and Illumina platforms for four species of North American Fundulus killifish" . GigaScience . 9 (6).
doi :
10.1093/gigascience/giaa067 .
PMC
7301629 .
PMID
32556169 .
^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012).
Species of Fundulus in
FishBase . August 2012 version.