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Francesc Ribalta (2 June 1565 – 12 January 1628),[1] also known as Francisco Ribaltá or de Ribalta, was a Spanish painter of the
Baroque period, mostly of religious subjects.
Biography
He was born in
Solsona, Lleida. Although his first apprenticeship was apparently with
Navarrete, who worked for years in the
Escorial, Ribalta's earliest work (a Cruxifixion of 1582) was signed in
Madrid. After his years in Madrid, Ribalta was to settle as an artist in Valencia. He became among the first followers in Spain of the austere
tenebrist style of
Caravaggio. It is unclear if he directly visited either
Rome or
Naples, where Caravaggio's style had many adherents.
Alternatively, it is likely that tenebrist paintings were available in Spain by the early 17th century through the Spanish rule of the Neapolitan kingdom.
Jusepe de Ribera is said to have been one of his pupils, although it is entirely possible that Ribera acquired his tenebrism when he moved to Italy.
Style
The tenebrist style gathered a number of adherents in Spain, and was to influence the pre-eminent Baroque or
Golden Age Spanish painters, especially
Zurbarán, but also
Velázquez and
Murillo. Even the art of still life in Spain, the
bodegón, was often painted in a similar stark and austere style. Among the direct disciples of Francisco were his son,
Juan Ribalta,
Antonio Bisquert, and his son-in-law,
Vicente Castelló. Ribalta died in
Valencia on 12 January 1628.
Honours
A park and a monument bears his name along with his son in
Castelló. Also the oldest high school of that city and its province.
Saint Roch (around 1625), oil on panel 124x60 cm, Museo de Bellas Artes, Valencia
Saint Sebastian (around 1625), oil on panel, 124x60 cm, Museo des Bellas Artes, Valencia
The Gospel of Saint Luke (1625–27), oil on canvas 83x36 cm, Museo de Portacoeli, Valencia
Bibliography
Benito Domenech, Fernando (1987). Los Ribalta y la pintura valenciana de su tiempo, Valencia-Madrid.
ISBN978-84-505-6705-2.
Benito Domenech, Fernando y Vallés Borrás, Vicent Joan (1989). "
Un proceso a Francisco Ribalta en 1618". Boletín de la Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando (69): p. 143-168. (in Spanish)
Falomir Faus, Miguel (1998-1999). "Imágenes de una santidad frustrada: el culto a Francisco Jerónimo Simón, 1612-1619". Locvs Amoenvs (4): p. 171-183.
Moffitt, John F. (1993). The Arts in Spain. 19. Thames and Hudson. pp. 128–133.
Kowal, David M. (1985). Ribalta y los ribaltescos: La evolución del estilo barroco en Valencia. Valencia, Diputación Provincial.
ISBN978-84-505-1981-5.
Palomino, Antonio (1988). El museo pictórico y escala óptica III. El parnaso español pintoresco laureado. Madrid, Aguilar S.A. de Ediciones.
ISBN84-03-88005-7.
Pérez Sánchez, Alfonso E. (1992). Baroque Paintings in Spain (1600-1750). Cátedra, Madrid.
ISBN978-84-376-0994-2.
Piombo (1995). Sebastiano del Piombo in Spain. Madrid, Museo del Prado,
ISBN84-87317-42-1.
Jusepe de Ribera, 1591-1652, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which includes material on Francisco Ribalta (see index)