Records of the use of fish ponds can be found from the early Middle Ages. "The idealized
eighth-century estate of Charlemagne's
capitularyde villis was to have artificial fishponds but two hundred years later, facilities for raising fish remained very rare, even on monastic estates.".[1] As the Middle Ages progressed, fish ponds became a more common feature of urbanizing environments.[1]
Those with access to fish ponds had a controlled source of food, not unlike pastures for cattle and sheep, for use on days when it was not permitted to eat meat. However fish ponds were difficult to maintain. They were a mark of power and authority, since only rich nobles and institutions such as monasteries could afford to maintain them.[1] In winter, supplying fresh food for a castle garrison was a constant struggle. Nobles had access to meat from
deer parks, but this did not supply the needs of whole households. Though fish ponds required maintenance to keep them healthy,[1] they were an elegant way of giving monasteries and noble houses access to fresh fish.
Some of the more popular species of fish farmed in fish ponds were
carp and
pike. From the
14th century onward these fish proved to be a popular feature of artificial fish ponds.[1]
Fish ponds are also being promoted in
developing countries. They provide a
source of food and income from the sale of fish for small farmers and can also supply irrigation needs and water for livestock.[2] The ecosystem and production services offered by carp farming in fish ponds have immense societal and economic advantages. For example, per production cycle,
common carp aquaculture in the whole
Central and Eastern Europe fishponds offer at least 579 million € worth of services, some of which are realized while a larger part is intangible. European carp aquaculture in fishponds is probably cleaner than most food production sectors in the
European Union, offering lesser nutrient burden to the environment than standard crop and livestock sectors.[3]
Gallery
Classic fishing pond used by the
Clay Cross Angling Club
^
abcdeHoffmann, Richard C. (1996). "Economic Development and Aquatic Ecosystems in Medieval Europe". The American Historical Review. 101 (3): 631–669.
doi:
10.2307/2169418.
JSTOR2169418.
Hoffmann, Richard C. (1996). "Economic Development and Aquatic Ecosystems in Medieval Europe". The American Historical Review. 101 (3): 631–669.
doi:
10.2307/2169418.
JSTOR2169418.