The images in the AD-X2 Controversy Photographic Collection are in the public domain and are not subject to copyright in the United States. However, please pay special attention to the individual works to make sure there are no copyright restrictions indicated. Individual works may require securing other permissions from the original copyright holder. Use of the images from NIST Digital Collections is not restricted, but a statement of attribution is required. Please use the following attribution statement: "National Institute of Standards and Technology Digital Collections, Gaithersburg, MD 20899."
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Image title
The battery-testing controversy which began in 1948 was caused by the testing of a material - a'battery additive'- marketed under the name'Battery AD-X2'. This product, when added to a lead-acid battery, allegedly improved its performance and, under some circumstances, could presumably revive a'dead'battery. This incident caused congressional hearings, newspaper headlines, and charges of Bureau bias against the'little guy.'California Senator William F. Knowland requested that the National Bureau of Standards test AD-X2 on behalf of a constituent.
Copyright holder
The AD-X2 Controversy Photographic Collection is the property of the U.S. Government. The images are in the public domain and are not subject to copyright in the United States. However, please pay special attention to the individual works to make sure there are no copyright restrictions indicated. Individual works may require securing other permissions from the original copyright holder.
Short title
Portrait of California Senator William F. Knowland