English: Influences on and by L. Ron Hubbard beliefs and practices, sourced from Ortega et al (2020), rendered in the mode of W.S. Bainbridge, e.g.
Bainbridge 1978.
Antecedents include the occult such as
Freemasonry,
Rosicrucianism,
Golden Dawn, and
Aleister Crowley; psychology such as
Freud's psychoanalysis,
Hypnosis,
Korzybksi's
General Semantics, the science-fiction of collaborators
Van Vogt and
Robert Heinlein,
Space opera and
saucer culture,
Scouting and
US Navy culture. Multiple scholars have posited that Hubbard underwent
abreactive therapy during his time in a Navy hospital.
Descendant groups include Coulter's Synergetics, Jackins' Re-evaluation Co-counseling, Howe's Humanics, Horner's Dianology, Berner's Abilitism, Twitchell's Eckankar, Thompson's Amprinistics, Maclean and de Grimston's
Process Church of the Final Judgment,
Charles Manson and
Bruce Davis's Family,
Werner Erhard's EST, Dyers's Kenja, David Mayo's Advanced Ability Center,
David Miscavige's Religious Technology Corporation, Robertson's group "Ron's Org", Galusha's Idenics, Palmer's Avater, and
Keith Raniere's
NXIVM.