Feliks Kołyszko | |
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Born | 1837 Lyda County [1] |
Died | 19 February 1889 Menton, France [2] |
Feliks Kołyszko alias Śmiałyński [3] ( Lithuanian: Feliksas Kolyška; 30 May 1837 in Vilnius – 19 February 1889 in Menton [4]) was a Polish- Lithuanian participant of the 1863 January Uprising. [1] Feliks (Feliksas) was the older brother of Bolesław Kołyszko ( Lithuanian: Boleslovas Kolyška) a notable leader of the January Uprising that was aimed at the restoration of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Kołyszko was born in Vilnius into a petty noble family as a son of Wincenty Adolf Kołyszko and his wife Apolina Bańkowska [4] or, according to other sources a woman from the Jursza family. [3] In 1851, at the age of fourteen and while a student of the Vilnius Gymnasium, he was arrested and sent to an Imperial Russian Army disciplinary battalion. [1] He remained in it until 1861. [1] In 1862 he was arrested for wearing a national costume and possession of illegal patriotic leaflets. [3]
During the January Uprising of 1863, he commanded a rebel unit in the counties of Trakai and Kalvarija. [1] During spring, Feliks Kołyszko operated in the area between Jieznas and Butrimonys together with other rebels. [5] [6] On May 12, he and his unit, totaling 36 soldiers, fought with an Imperial Russian guard company at Žilinai. [7] On August 7, Kołyszko and his group of about 185 rebels were attacked by 300 hussars and cossacks near Stračiūnai . [8]
Kołyszko and his unit were remembered in a folk song of Vėžionys : [9]
Original text | English translation |
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Ar tai pora, ar tai lyška, žalnierius rokavo Atamanas Kolyška |
Be it raining, Be it pouring, Arranges the soldiers Hetman Kołyszko |
Thereafter he emigrated to France, where he worked in Chemins de fer du Nord and lived in Pontoise. [4] On 17 April 1870 married Antonina Katarzyna Eudoksja Wróblewska in Paris. After the death of the first wife, he married Maria de Gozdawa Gostkowska on 6 July 1879. [4] Kołyszko died on 18 February 1889 and was buried in Trabuquet cemetery in Menton. [4]
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