This article is about the grouping of regions by a Presidential Decree. For the federal constituent units, see
Federal subjects of Russia.
The federal districts (
Russian: федера́льные округа́,
romanized: federalnyye okruga) are groupings of the
federal subjects of
Russia. Federal districts are not mentioned in the nation's constitution, and do not have competences of their own and do not manage regional affairs. They exist solely to monitor consistency between the federal and regional bodies of law, and ensuring governmental control over the civil service, judiciary, and federal agencies, operating in the regions.[1]
^Population figures from the Crimean Census in 2014.[7] Crimea was
annexed by Russia in 2014, after the 2010 Russian Census.
History
The federal districts of Russia were established by
PresidentVladimir Putin in 2000 to facilitate the federal government's task of controlling the then 89 federal subjects across the country.[9]
On 19 January 2010, the new North Caucasian Federal District split from the Southern Federal District.[8]
In March 2014, after the
annexation of Crimea, the
Crimean Federal District was established.[10] The legality of this annexation is disputed by an overwhelming majority of countries.[11] On 28 July 2016 the Crimean Federal District was abolished and merged into the
Southern Federal District in order to improve governance.[12]
^
abПрезидент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No.20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).