The Province of Temeşvar (
Ottoman Turkish: ;ایالت طمشوار Eyālet-i Tımışvār),[3] known as Province of Yanova after 1658,[4] was a first-level administrative unit (
eyalet) of the
Ottoman Empire located in the
Banat region of
Central Europe.
Besides Banat, the province also included area north of the
Mureș River, part of the
Crișana region. Its territory is now divided between
Hungary,
Romania, and
Serbia. Its capital was Temeşvar (today's
Timișoara).
Names
The name of the province in
Ottoman Turkish was Eyâlet-i Temeşvar or Eyâlet-i Tımışvar (in
Modern Turkish: Temeşvar Eyaleti or Tamışvar Eyaleti), in
Hungarian was Temesvári vilajet, in
Romanian was Eialetul Timișoarei or Pașalâcul Timișoara, in
Serbian was Темишварски ејалет or Temišvarski ejalet. The province was named after its administrative seat,
Temeşvar. The Turkish name Temeşvar is given after the Hungarian one, Temesvár meaning "Castle on the
Temes" (River).
History
The Eyalet of Temeşvar was formed in 1552, when the Hungarian castle of Temesvár defended by the troop of István Losonczy was
captured by the
Ottoman troops led by
Kara Ahmed Pasha on July 26, 1552[5] and existed until 1716, when it was conquered by the
Habsburg monarchy. The Eyalet was led by a
vali (governor) or
beylerbey (sometimes with position of
pasha or
vizir), whose residence was at the former
Hunyadi Castle in Temeşvar. In 1718, the
Habsburgs formed a new province in this region, named the
Banat of Temeswar.
Sanjaks of Arad, Küle, Yanova, Fenlak and northern parts of the Çanad and Lipva sanjaks were transferred to Habsburg Monarchy after signing of the
Treaty of Karlowitz.
The eyalet consisted of five sanjaks between 1700 and 1701:[7]
^
abSadık Müfit Bilge, "Macaristan'da Osmanlı Hakimiyetinin ve İdarî Teşkilatının Kuruluşu ve Gelişmesi", Ankara Üniversitesi Osmanlı Tarihi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi Dergisi (OTAM), Sayı: 11 Sayfa: 033-081, 2000,
p. 59.(in Turkish)
^Dr Dušan J. Popović, Srbi u Vojvodini, knjiga I, Novi Sad, 1990, p. 201.
^
abcOrhan Kılıç, XVII. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında Osmanlı Devleti'nin Eyalet ve Sancak Teşkilatlanması, Osmanlı, Cilt 6: Teşkilât, Yeni Türkiye Yayınları, Ankara, 1999,
ISBN975-6782-09-9, p. 92. (in Turkish)
^Orhan Kılıç, XVII. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında Osmanlı Devleti'nin Eyalet ve Sancak Teşkilatlanması, Osmanlı, Cilt 6: Teşkilât, Yeni Türkiye Yayınları, Ankara, 1999,
ISBN975-6782-09-9, p. 91. (in Turkish)
^Milan Tutorov, Banatska rapsodija, Novi Sad, 2001, page 151.
^Milan Tutorov, Banatska rapsodija, Novi Sad, 2001, page 194.
^Milan Tutorov, Banatska rapsodija, Novi Sad, 2001, page 195.
^Milan Tutorov, Banatska rapsodija, Novi Sad, 2001, page 198.
^Milan Tutorov, Banatska rapsodija, Novi Sad, 2001, page 232.
^Milan Tutorov, Banatska rapsodija, Novi Sad, 2001, page 249.
Hegyi, Klára (2000).
"The Ottoman Network of Fortresses in Hungary". Ottomans, Hungarians, and Habsburgs in Central Europe: The Military Confines in the Era of Ottoman Conquest. Leden-Boston-Köln: Brill. pp. 163–193.