| Endometrioid tumor | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Histopathology of a well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma in the ovary | |
| Specialty | Oncology, gynecology |
Endometrioid tumors are a class of tumors that arise in the uterus or ovaries that resemble endometrial glands on histology. [1] They account for 80% of endometrial carcinomas [1]: 724 and 20% of malignant ovarian tumors. [1]: 728
Ovary
Ovarian endometrioid tumors are part of the surface epithelial tumor group of ovarian neoplasms (10–20% of which are the endometrioid type). Benign and borderline variants are rare, as the majority are malignant. There is an association with endometriosis and concurrent primary endometrial carcinoma ( endometrial cancer).
On gross pathological examination, the tumor is cystic and may be solid and some arise in cystic endometriosis. In 40% of cases, endometrioid tumors are found bilaterally. [3]
Endometrium
Endometrioid carcinoma can also arise in the endometrium. [4] [5]
Grades 1 and 2 are considered "type 1" endometrial cancer, while grade 3 is considered "type 2". [6]
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![Relative incidences of endometrial carcinomas by histopathology, being endometrioid in a majority of cases[7]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Pie_chart_of_relative_incidences_of_endometrial_carcinoma.png/368px-Pie_chart_of_relative_incidences_of_endometrial_carcinoma.png)
Relative incidences of endometrial carcinomas by histopathology, being endometrioid in a majority of cases [7]
![Relative incidences of endometrial carcinomas by histopathology, being endometrioid in a majority of cases[7]](/info/en/?search=File:Pie_chart_of_relative_incidences_of_endometrial_carcinoma.png)
Light microscopy
Light microscopy shows tubular glands, resembling endometrium. [8]
Molecular biology
CTNNB1 and PTEN mutations
Ovarian and endometrial endometrioid carcinomas have distinct CTNNB1 and PTEN gene mutation profiles. PTEN mutations are more frequent in low-grade endometrial endometrioid carcinomas (67%) compared with low-grade ovarian endometrioid carcinomas (17%). By contrast, CTNNB1 mutations are significantly different in low-grade ovarian endometrioid carcinomas (53%) compared with low-grade endometrial endometrioid carcinomas (28%). This difference in CTNNB1 mutation frequency may be reflective of the distinct tumoral microenvironments; the epithelial cells lining an endometriotic cyst within the ovary are exposed to a highly oxidative environment that promotes tumorigenesis. [9]
References
- ^ a b c Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Aster, Jon C.; Robbins, Stanley L.; Perkins, James A. (2018). Robbins Basic Pathology (10th ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-323-35317-5.
- ^ Kosary, Carol L. (2007). "Chapter 16: Cancers of the Ovary" (PDF). In Baguio, RNL; Young, JL; Keel, GE; Eisner, MP; Lin, YD; Horner, M-J (eds.). SEER Survival Monograph: Cancer Survival Among Adults: US SEER Program, 1988-2001, Patient and Tumor Characteristics. SEER Program. Vol. NIH Pub. No. 07-6215. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute. pp. 133–144.
- ^ Robbins; Cotran, eds. (2005). Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.
- ^ Mulvany NJ, Allen DG (January 2008). "Combined large cell neuroendocrine and endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium". Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol. 27 (1): 49–57. doi: 10.1097/pgp.0b013e31806219c5. PMID 18156975. S2CID 43849133.
- ^ Carcinoma,+Endometrioid at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ "ACS :: What Is Endometrial Cancer?". Archived from the original on 2010-06-20. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
- ^ Mendivil, Alberto; Schuler, Kevin M.; Gehrig, Paola A. (2009). "Non-Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Corpus: A Review of Selected Histological Subtypes". Cancer Control. 16 (1): 46–52. doi: 10.1177/107327480901600107. ISSN 1073-2748. PMID 19078929.
- ^ Shahrzad Ehdaivand. "Ovary tumor - Endometrioid tumors - General". Pathology Outlines. Archived from the original on 2020-02-16. Retrieved 2020-03-17. Topic Completed: 1 December 2012. Revised: 6 March 2020
- ^ McConechy, M. K.; Ding, J; Senz, J; Yang, W; Melnyk, N; Tone, A. A.; Prentice, L. M.; Wiegand, K. C.; McAlpine, J. N.; Shah, S. P.; Lee, C. H.; Goodfellow, P. J.; Gilks, C. B.; Huntsman, D. G. (2014). "Ovarian and endometrial endometrioid carcinomas have distinct CTNNB1 and PTEN mutation profiles". Modern Pathology. 27 (1): 128–34. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2013.107. PMC 3915240. PMID 23765252.