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Genus of flowering plants
Encelia californica
Encelia is a
genus of the
plant family
Asteraceae . It consists of
shrubs (and one
geophyte ) of arid environments in southwestern
North America and western
South America .
[2]
All have n = 18 chromosomes. All the
North American species are obligate
outcrossers . In cultivation, the species readily form fertile
F1 hybrids , F2 s, and
backcrosses , but in natural areas of
sympatry , F2s and backcrosses are absent or rare.
Encelia species are used as food plants by the
larvae of some
Lepidoptera species including the
leaf miner
Bucculatrix enceliae which feeds exclusively on
Encelia farinosa .
The
phylogenetic
sister group of Encelia is a
clade comprising the genera
Enceliopsis and
Geraea . The three genera are informally called the "Encelia alliance".
[3]
Encelia is named in honor of German biologist Christophorus Enzelius, 1517–1583.
[2]
Species
[1]
[4]
Encelia actoni
Elmer -
California
Encelia asperifolia (
S.F.Blake )
C. Clark &
Kyhos -
Baja California
Encelia californica
Nutt. -
Baja California ,
Baja California Sur ,
California
Encelia canescens
Lam. -
Peru , northern
Chile ,
Bolivia
Encelia conspersa
Benth. -
Baja California Sur
Encelia densifolia
C.Clark &
Kyhos -
Baja California Sur
Encelia farinosa
Torr. &
A.Gray var. farinosa - brittlebush -
Baja California ,
Baja California Sur ,
California ,
Sonora ,
Sinaloa ,
Hidalgo ,
Arizona ,
Utah ,
Nevada
Encelia frutescens (
A.Gray )
A.Gray -
Arizona ,
California ,
Nevada ,
Baja California
Encelia halimifolia
Cav. -
Baja California ,
Baja California Sur ,
Sonora
Encelia hispida Andersson -
Galápagos
Encelia laciniata Vasey & Rose -
Baja California ,
Baja California Sur
Encelia nutans
Eastwood -
Utah ,
Colorado
Encelia palmeri
Vasey &
Rose -
Baja California Sur
Encelia pilocarpa Rubsy -
Bolivia
Encelia pilosiflora S.F.Blake -
Peru
Encelia ravenii
Wiggins -
Baja California Sur
Encelia resinifera
C. Clark -
Utah ,
Arizona
Encelia scaposa (A.Gray) A.Gray -
Chihuahua ,
Texas ,
New Mexico
Encelia stenophylla Greene -
Baja California ,
Baja California Sur
Encelia ventorum
T.S Brandegee -
Baja California ,
Baja California Sur
Encelia virginensis
A. Nels. -
California ,
Arizona ,
Utah ,
Nevada ,
New Mexico
References
Further reading
Singhal, Sonal; Roddy, Adam B.; DiVittorio, Christopher; Sanchez‐Amaya, Ary; Henriquez, Claudia L.; Brodersen, Craig R.; Fehlberg, Shannon; Zapata, Felipe (May 2021). "Diversification, disparification and hybridization in the desert shrubs Encelia". New Phytologist . 230 (3): 1228–1241.
doi :
10.1111/nph.17212 .
PMID
33460447 .
Media related to
Encelia at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to
Encelia at Wikispecies