The original
county constituency comprised the eastern part of
County Antrim, being carved out of the former
Antrim constituency. From 1885, East Antrim consisted of the baronies of
Belfast Lower and
Glenarm Upper, that part of the barony of Antrim Upper not in the constituency of
South Antrim, that part of the barony of Antrim Lower not in the constituency of
Mid Antrim, that part of the barony of Belfast Upper consisting of the parish of
Ballymartin and the parish of
Templepatrick apart from the
townland of Ballyutoag, and the town of
Carrickfergus.
It returned one Member of Parliament 1885–1922.
The current seat was created in boundary changes in 1983, as part of an expansion of Northern Ireland's constituencies from 12 to 17, and was predominantly made up from parts of
North Antrim and
South Antrim. Since further revisions in 1995 (when it lost part of the district of
Newtownabbey to the
North Belfast constituency) it now covers the entirety of the districts of
Larne and Carrickfergus, as well as part of Newtownabbey and
Moyle.
Prior to the
2010 general election the
Boundary Commission originally proposed two significant changes for East Antrim. In the south of the constituency it was proposed to transfer a further part of Newtownabbey to the North Belfast constituency whilst in the north the seat would have gained the Glens and Ballycastle in Moyle district from North Antrim. East Antrim would have been renamed 'Antrim Coast & Glens'. However this latter part of the proposal raised many questions, with some already arguing that the Glens have no natural ties to Jordanstown (and in 1995 the previous Boundary Commission cited this very reason when rejecting such a proposal).
Following consultation and revising the recommendations, the new boundaries for East Antrim were confirmed and passed through Parliament by the Northern Ireland Parliamentary Constituencies Order[2] as follows:
From Newtownabbey, the wards of Jordanstown, Monkstown, and Rostulla
History
1885 until 1922
The constituency was a strongly conservative then unionist area, where republican and nationalist candidates were not elected.
From 1886 to 1974 the Conservative and Unionist members of the United Kingdom House of Commons formed a single Parliamentary party.
From 1905 there was an Ulster Unionist organisation, but MPs sponsored by it are classified as Irish Unionists until the
1921 Northern Ireland general election made the
partition of Ireland effective so that Irish Unionism ceased to be a realistic objective.
A victory for the
Unionist candidate in 1918 by 15,206 votes to Sinn Féin's 861 votes demonstrated the virtual unanimity of the unionist support.
Consequently, Sinn Féin did not contest the 1919 by-election in the constituency.
Sinn Féin contested the
general election of 1918 on the platform that instead of taking up any seats they won in the
United Kingdom Parliament, they would establish a revolutionary assembly in Dublin. In republican theory every MP elected in Ireland was a potential Deputy to this assembly. In practice only the Sinn Féin members accepted the offer.
The revolutionary
First Dáil assembled on 21 January 1919 and last met on 10 May 1921. The First Dáil, according to a resolution passed on 10 May 1921, was formally dissolved on the assembling of the
Second Dáil. This took place on 16 August 1921.
The constituency is overwhelmingly
unionist, with the combined votes for
nationalist parties rarely exceeding 10%. However, there have been above average votes for parties outside the traditional unionist block, such as the
Alliance and the
Conservatives. In the local government elections for the equivalent area many votes often go to independent candidates or groups such as the
Newtownabbey Ratepayers Association. While the SDLP sprung a surprise in 1998 by overtaking a DUP candidate to win the final seat due to Ulster Unionist transfers – the first time that any nationalist candidate has benefited in this way.
The main interest in Westminster Elections has been the contest between the
Ulster Unionist Party and the
Democratic Unionist Party. In
1983 the UUP were only 367 votes ahead of the DUP. As part of a pact to oppose the
Anglo-Irish Agreement the DUP did not contest the seat until
1992 but they still failed to come close, though in the 1996 elections to the Northern Ireland Forum they were only slightly behind the UUP. But in the
2001 general election they achieved an astonishing result when they came with 128 votes of winning the Westminster seat, despite not having targeted it. In the
2003 Assembly election they followed this up by gaining two additional MLAs and outpolling the UUP for the first time.
The DUP remained eager to take the Westminster seat and in the
2005 general election they did so.