EREŠ References

The Sumerian word NIN ( 𒎏), later borrowed into Akkadian, was used to denote a queen or a priestess, and is often translated as "lady". Other translations include "queen", "mistress", "proprietress", and "lord".^[1] The word EREŠ, also meaning "queen" or "lady",^[2] is written using the cuneiform sign for NIN as well.

Many goddesses are called NIN or EREŠ, such as ^D NIN.GAL ("great lady"), ^D É.NIN.GAL ("lady of the great temple"), ^D EREŠ.KI.GAL, and ^D NIN.TI.

The compound form NIN. DINGIR ("divine lady" or "lady [of a] god"), denotes a priestess.

In writing

NIN originated as a ligature of the cuneiform glyphs of MUNUS (𒊩) and TÚG (𒌆); the NIN sign was written as MUNUS.TÚG (𒊩𒌆) in archaic cuneiform, notably in the Codex Hammurabi.^{[
citation needed]} The syllable nin, on the other hand, was written as MUNUS.KA (𒊩𒅗) in Assyrian cuneiform. MUNUS.KU = NIN₉^{[
clarification needed]} (𒊩𒆪) means "sister".^{[
citation needed]}

Basic cuneiform MUNUS sign ("woman")
Basic cuneiform TÚG sign (syllable ku)

Occurrence in the Gilgamesh epic

Ninsun (^DNIN.SÚN) as the mother of Gilgamesh in the Epic of Gilgamesh (standard Babylonian version), appears in 5 of the 12 chapters (tablets I, II, III, IV, and XII). The other personage using NIN is the god Ninurta (^DNIN.URTA), who appears in Tablet I, and especially in the flood myth of Tablet XI.^{[
citation needed]}

Of the 51 uses of NIN, the other major usage is for the Akkadian word eninna (nin as in e-nin-na, but also other variants). Eninna is the adverb "now", but it can also be used as a conjunction, or as a segue-form (a transition form).^{[
citation needed]}^{[
clarification needed]}

The two uses of NIN as the word for "sister" (Akkadian ahātu), for example, are used in Tablet 8 (The Mourning of Enkidu), line 38:^{[
citation needed]}

"May…

"May the brothers go into mourning over you like sisters…"

References

^ J A Halloran – Lexicon → [1] Retrieved 2012-06-07 & ISBN 0978642902
^ J A Halloran – Sumerian Lexicon Version 3.0. Retrieved 2023-09-05.

Parpola, Simo, with Mikko Luuko, and Kalle Fabritius (1997). The Standard Babylonian, Epic of Gilgamesh. The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project. ISBN 951-45-7760-4.{{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) (Volume 1) in the original Akkadian cuneiform and transliteration; commentary and glossary are in English

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[1] J A Halloran – Lexicon → [1] Retrieved 2012-06-07 & ISBN 0978642902

[2] J A Halloran – Sumerian Lexicon Version 3.0. Retrieved 2023-09-05.

[1]

[2]

In writing

Occurrence in the Gilgamesh epic

See also

References