The EMC E3 is a 2,000 horsepower (1,500 kW),
A1A-A1A passenger train
locomotive that was manufactured by
Electro-Motive Corporation of
La Grange, Illinois. The EMC demonstrator #822 was released from La Grange for test on September 12, 1938. The
cab version, or E3A, was manufactured from September 1938 to June 1940, and 17 were produced. The
booster version, or E3B, was manufactured in March 1939 and September 1939, and 2 were produced. The 2,000 hp (1,500 kW) was achieved by putting two 1,000 horsepower (750 kW), 12-cylinder, model 567 engines in the engine compartment. Each engine drove its own
electrical generator to power the
traction motors. The E3 was the fourth model in a long line of passenger diesels of similar design known as
EMD E-units.
Compared with passenger locomotives made later by EMD, the noses of the E3,
E4,
E5, and
E6 cab units had pronounced slants when viewed from the side. Therefore, these four models have been nicknamed "slant nose" units. Later E models had the more vertical "bulldog nose" of the F series. E3 demonstrator 822 was built with a nose identical to earlier
EA and
E1A units, but later locomotives in the series featured an elevated headlamp mounted in a nacelle, distinct from the flush profile mounting of the earlier units. 822 was modified in a similar fashion prior to delivery to the
Kansas City Southern Railway.
Engine and powertrain
The E3 introduced a 12-cylinder version of the
567 series Diesel engine, with two being used for a total of 2,000 hp at 800 rpm. Earlier E-units had used two Winton 201A
prime movers, but that engine was ill-suited to railroad use and was unreliable. The 567, which was specifically designed for railroad motive power applications, is a mechanically aspirated, two-stroke 45-degree V-type with 567 cubic inches (9,290 cm3; 9.29 L) displacement per cylinder, and remained in production until 1966. Two
direct current generators, one per engine, provide power to four
traction motors, two on each truck, in an A1A-A1A arrangement. This truck design was used on all E-units and on MP 7100, CB&Q 9908, and Rock Island
AB6 power cars. EMC/EMD has built all of its major components since 1939.[1][2]
500 was wrecked in Fleming, GA in 1953 and rebuilt by EMD as an E8A. 501 was wrecked before delivery and rebuilt by EMC as an E6A. The 501 is preserved at the NCTM.
The only remaining E3 is ex-
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad E3A
#501. It was formerly owned by the late Glen Monhart, and operated on excursions in
Wisconsin. Today, it is owned by the North Carolina Dept. of Transportation Rail Division, and is on long-term loan to the
North Carolina Transportation Museum, in
Spencer, North Carolina. It is stored in operating condition, and is run occasionally. In January 2013, NCDOT transferred ownership of the engine to the NC Department of Cultural Resources, Spencer Shops parent organization.
Marre, Louis A. (1995). Diesel Locomotives: The First 50 Years: A Guide to Diesels Built Before 1972. Railroad Reference Series. Waukesha, Wisconsin:
Kalmbach Publishing.
ISBN978-0-89024-258-2.
Solomon, Brian (2010). Vintage Diesel Power. Minneapolis, Minnesota: MBI Publishing.
ISBN978-0-7603-3795-0.
Solomon, Brian (2011). Electro-Motive E-Units and F-Units: The Illustrated History of North America's Favorite Locomotives. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Voyageur Press.
ISBN978-0-7603-4007-3.
Solomon, Brian (2012). North American Locomotives: A Railroad-by-Railroad Photohistory. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Voyageur Press.
ISBN978-0-7603-4370-8.
Wilson, Jeff (2002). E Units: Electro-Motive's Classic Streamliners. Classic Trains / Golden Years of Railroading series. Waukesha, WI, USA: Kalmbach Publishing.
ISBN0890246068.