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Marriage

Recognized

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registered partnerships
Minimal recognition
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Notes
  1. KoN: Performed in the Netherlands proper, including the Caribbean Netherlands. Registered in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten in such cases, but the rights of marriage are not guaranteed.
  2. NZ: Neither performed nor recognized in Niue, Tokelau, or the Cook Islands.
  3. UK: Neither performed nor recognized in six British Overseas Territories.
  4. US: Neither performed nor recognized in some tribal nations. Recognized but not performed in several other tribal nations and American Samoa.
  5. Israel: Registered foreign marriages confer all marriage rights. Domestic common-law marriages confer most rights of marriage. Domestic civil marriage recognized by some cities.
  6. EU: The Coman v. Romania ruling of the European Court of Justice obliges the state to provide residency rights for the foreign spouses of EU citizens. All EU member states except Romania follow the ruling.
  7. Cambodia: Recognition of a "declaration of family relationship", which may be useful in matters such as housing, but they are not legally binding.
  8. China: Guardianship agreements, conferring some limited legal benefits, including decisions about medical and personal care.
  9. HK: Inheritance, guardianship rights, and residency rights for foreign spouses of legal residents.
  10. India: Courts have recognised guru–shishya, nata pratha or maitri karar–type contractual relationships, but they are not legally binding.
  11. Japan: Some cities and prefectures issue partnership certificates, but they are not legally binding.
  12. Namibia: Marriages conducted abroad between a Namibian national and a foreign spouse recognized for residency rights.
  13. Romania: Hospital visitation rights through a "legal representative" status.
* Not yet in effect
LGBT portal

Oregon has registered domestic partnerships between same-sex couples since 2008 and has expanded the law to begin registering partnerships between opposite-sex couples in 2024.

In April and May 2007, following a previous attempt in 2005, the Oregon state legislature passed legislation to make virtually all of the rights afforded by the state to married couples available to same-sex couples. The status is referred to in Oregon law as a domestic partnership, avoiding the use of the terms marriage or civil union. Governor Ted Kulongoski signed the bill on May 9, 2007. While January 1, 2008 was the date the statute would have taken effect, a court challenge had delayed its implementation. It was resolved on February 1, 2008, and the law went into effect that day, with registrations beginning on February 4, 2008. [1]

History

Main articles: Same-sex marriage in Oregon and Same-sex unions in the United States

Advocacy for civil unions

The original Oregon Senate Bill 1000 would have created civil unions and prohibited discrimination based on sexual orientation in housing, employment, public accommodations and public services. On July 8, 2005, Oregon state senators approved it. Lawmakers at the Oregon State Capitol in Salem voted 19-10 in favor, but the Republican Speaker of the Oregon House of Representatives, Karen Minnis, blocked it. [2]

Advocacy for reciprocal beneficiaries

On July 21, 2005, the House performed a series of moves where the bill was amended, removing most of its language and replacing it with different text (seen by some to be a "gut and stuff" [3] maneuver). The new text of Senate Bill 1000 no longer contained language about sexual orientation, prohibition of discrimination, nor civil unions. Instead, it reaffirmed the recent state constitutional prohibition of same-sex marriage and proposed to create "reciprocal beneficiary agreements". [4] "Reciprocal beneficiaries" could be any two people prohibited by law from marrying each other, such as a "widowed mother and her unmarried son", and would not have the rights and obligations of married persons, specifically excluding employer-granted benefits such as health insurance or retirement benefits. Reciprocal beneficiaries would be granted inheritance rights, and the power to make medical or financial decisions if the reciprocal beneficiary was incapacitated.

The changes effectively killed momentum to pass the bill, which died in committee.

Domestic partnerships

However, after the November 2006 mid-term elections Democrats won a majority of the formerly Republican-controlled House,[ citation needed] and in early 2007, Democrats re-introduced a bill in the House similar to the 2005 legislation. The bill adopted the term "domestic partnership" to describe these unions; the terms "marriage" or "civil union" were absent. This bill enjoyed a relatively easy passage through the legislature, when compared to its 2005 predecessor. Passed by the House on April 17, 2007 (by a vote of 34-26) and by the Senate on May 2, 2007 (by a vote of 21-9), Governor Kulongoski signed the Oregon Family Fairness Act on May 9, 2007. The law was scheduled to take effect January 1, 2008, but was delayed by a preliminary injunction until after a hearing on February 1, 2008, where the injunction was lifted. Domestic partnerships became effective from February 4, 2008.

Differences in the legislation

Oregon uses the term "domestic partnerships", as do Washington state and California. While the registries in Washington state and California made domestic partnerships available to couples of any gender, Oregon initially limited them to same-sex couples. Opposite-sex couples in Oregon may apply for domestic partnerships beginning January 1, 2024. [5]

Oregon's legislation has no ceremony requirement. All marriage (and civil unions, in states that offer it) requires a ceremony, whether religious or civil, to be considered valid. In Oregon couples are required only to register their domestic partnerships through the submission of a paper form.

An Oregon domestic partnership is recognized by the state of Oregon, but it is up to other states and the federal government whether they'll recognize it too. [6] [7]

House Bill 2839

On June 25, 2009, the governor signed House Bill 2839. It updated the domestic partnership law in several areas: taxes, health insurance benefits and entitlements, taking a domestic partner's surname, and clarifying other states' uses of the terms "domestic partnership" and "civil union" so that Oregon could recognize these as "domestic partnerships". [8]

Delays

In 2007, an attempted referendum to repeal these laws before they take effect failed to gather enough signatures. Such an effort, accomplished by a petition putting the laws to voter approval via a ballot question, would have delayed enforcement of the law to January 1, 2009. [9][ verification needed] [10][ verification needed] In September 2007, groups challenging the amendment submitted approximately 63,000 signatures in favor of repealing the legislation; the minimum number of signatures required for a referendum is 55,179. The Secretary of State's office later determined that only 55,063 valid signatures were collected, thereby removing a barrier to a January 1, 2008 effective date. [11] On December 28, federal judge Michael W. Mosman issued an injunction preventing implementation of the law, after hearing a legal challenge (by a group opposing the measure) criticizing the method used by the Secretary of State's office to determine what constitutes a valid signature. [12][ verification needed] A hearing on this issue was then scheduled for February 1, 2008, when the injunction was lifted, allowing the law to go in force immediately, with registrations beginning on February 4, 2008. [1] [13]

Opposite-sex domestic partnerships

In April 2023, both houses of the Oregon Legislative Assembly voted to allow opposite-sex couples to formally enter into domestic partnerships. The bill was signed into law by the Governor of Oregon and goes into effect on January 1, 2024. [14] [15]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Ruling Allows Legal Status for Partners of Same Sex". The New York Times. 2008-02-03.
  2. ^ "Senate Bill 1000 (A-Engrossed)" (PDF). Oregon Legislative Assembly. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-28.
  3. ^ "Legislative Glossary". Oregon Legislative Assembly. Archived from the original on 2007-03-03.
  4. ^ "Senate Bill 1000 (B-Engrossed)" (PDF). Oregon Legislative Assembly. 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-28.
  5. ^ Lugo, Dianne (December 27, 2023). "DUII now means any impairing drug: 11 new Oregon laws that go into effect on Jan. 1". Statesman Journal. Salem. Retrieved 2023-12-27.
  6. ^ [Robben, Janine. "Understanding Oregon's Family Fairness Act." Oregon State Bar Bulletin, December 2007], accessed 30 June 2013. The law says that "the legal recognition of domestic partnerships under the laws of this state may not be effective beyond the borders of this state and cannot impact restrictions contained in federal law."
  7. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions for Oregon Registered Domestic Partnerships and the Declaration of Oregon Registered Domestic Partnership" (PDF). Oregon.gov. Retrieved December 27, 2023. Other states are under no legal obligation to recognize Oregon Registered Domestic Partnerships, but they may do so. ... Oregon Registered Domestic Partnerships are not recognized by the federal government, but individual federal agencies may take state laws into account when determining their policies.
  8. ^ House tweaks domestic partnership law for same-sex couples
  9. ^ "thebacklot.com - Corner of Hollywood and Gay". 365gay.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
  10. ^ "thebacklot.com - Corner of Hollywood and Gay". 365gay.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
  11. ^ "thebacklot.com - Corner of Hollywood and Gay". 365gay.com. Retrieved 2014-04-05.[ permanent dead link]
  12. ^ "thebacklot.com - Corner of Hollywood and Gay". 365gay.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-29. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
  13. ^ [1] Archived February 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ "Oregon HB2032 | 2023 | Regular Session".
  15. ^ Lugo, Dianne (December 27, 2023). "DUII now means any impairing drug: 11 new Oregon laws that go into effect on Jan. 1". Statesman Journal. Salem. Retrieved 2023-12-27.

External links

  • Oregon Domestic Partnership Forms, Oregon Center for Health Statistics page with domestic partnership forms and further information
  • Basic Rights Oregon, a group committed to ending discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in Oregon
  • Concerned Oregonians, a group seeking to prevent Oregon House Bill 2007 (2007) and Oregon Senate Bill 2 (2007) from becoming law
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