Arnett, Ross H. Jr. (2000). American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico. Vol. 2nd Edition. CRC Press.
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Brock, Paul D. (1999). The amazing world of stick and leaf-insects. Vol. 26. The Amateur Entomologists' Society.
ISBN0-900054-63-8. {{
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Otte, Daniel; Brock, Paul (2003). Phasmida Species File: A Catalog of the Stick and Leaf Insects of the World. The Orthopterists' Society.
ISBN1-929014-03-1.
Otte, Daniel; Brock, Paul (2005). Phasmida Species File: Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the World. Vol. Second Edition. Insect Diversity Association at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.
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