De_Inventione References

De Inventione
	Beginning of an Italian manuscript version, early 12th century
Author	Cicero
Language	Classical Latin

De Inventione is a handbook for orators that Cicero composed when he was still a young man. Quintilian tells us that Cicero considered the work rendered obsolete by his later writings.^[1] Originally four books in all, only two have survived into modern times. It is also credited with the first recorded use of the term " liberal arts" or artes liberales, though whether Cicero coined the term is unclear.^[2]^[3] The text also defines the concept of dignitas: dignitas est alicuius honesta et cultu et honore et verecundia digna auctoritas (Dignity is honorable prestige. It merits respect, honour, and reverence.).^[4]

At the request of William of Santo Stefano, De Inventione was translated into Old French by John of Antioch in 1282.^[5]

References

^ Caplan, H. (1954). Introduction. Rhetorica ad Herennium. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
^ Kimball, Bruce. Orators and Philosophers. New York: College Entrance Examination Board, 1995. p. 13
^ Cicero. De Inventione. Book 1, Section 35
^ Peter Garnsey (1970). Social status and legal privilege in the Roman Empire. Clarendon. pp. 224.
^ Jonathan Rubin (2018), "John of Antioch and the Perceptions of Language and Translation in Thirteenth-Century Acre", in John France (ed.), Acre and Its Falls: Studies in the History of a Crusader City, Brill, pp. 90–104.

External links

Translation by C.D. Yonge
Latin Text

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[1] Caplan, H. (1954). Introduction. Rhetorica ad Herennium. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

[2] Kimball, Bruce. Orators and Philosophers. New York: College Entrance Examination Board, 1995. p. 13

[3] Cicero. De Inventione. Book 1, Section 35

[4] Peter Garnsey (1970). Social status and legal privilege in the Roman Empire. Clarendon. pp. 224.

[5] Jonathan Rubin (2018), "John of Antioch and the Perceptions of Language and Translation in Thirteenth-Century Acre", in John France (ed.), Acre and Its Falls: Studies in the History of a Crusader City, Brill, pp. 90–104.

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