Daoyi Zhilüe ( simplified Chinese: 岛夷志略; traditional Chinese: 島夷誌略; pinyin: Dǎo Yí Zhì Lüè; Wade–Giles: Tao i chih lio) or Daoyi Zhi ( simplified Chinese: 岛夷志; traditional Chinese: 島夷誌; pinyin: Dǎo Yí Zhì; Wade–Giles: Tao i chih) [1] which may be translated as A Brief Account of Island Barbarians or other similar titles, [2] [3] [4] [5] is a book written c. 1339 (completed c. 1349) [6] by Yuan dynasty Chinese traveller Wang Dayuan recounting his travels to over a hundred places in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa. The book was written in present-day Sri Lanka. It described the weather, products, people, and customs of the places that Wang Dayuan visited.
The timeline for Wang Dayuan's life and travels is: [7]
- 1311 - born
- 1330 - sailed for the first time from Quanzhou
- 1334 - returned to Yuan dynasty
- 1337 - sailed for the second time from Quanzhou
- 1339 - returned to Yuan dynasty
The content of the book (known as Dao Yi Zhu) was originally an appendix in a local gazetteer Qing Yuan Xu Zhi ( 清源续志, A Continuation of the History and Topography of Quanzhou) composed by Wu Jian in 1349. According to the Yuan poet Zhang Zhu, Daoyi Zhilüe was re-published in 1350 as an individual travel account. [8]
Andaya and Andaya write that Dao Yi Zhi Lue provides more information on areas east of the Malay Peninsula than any other Yuan dynasty source. [9] According to the postscript Wang Dayuan visited all the places described. However, Park notes that 90% of the text is devoted to Southeast Asia and that Wang does not give details of his route and itinerary to West Asia. [10] However, Deng states that Wang Dayuan's account is consistent with later Ming dynasty accounts of Zheng He's travels. [11] There is currently no full English translation of the book but the Chinese version is available online. [12] [13] Partial translations however are available. [14]
See also
References
- ^ Wang Dayuan, Yuan Dynasty. Dao Yi Zhi Lue. Explanation by Su Jiqing. Zhonghua Book Company 1981, 2000, ISBN 7-101-02026-7, In Chinese.（元）汪大渊著《岛夷志略》，苏继庼校释 1981年, 2000年 中华书局， ISBN 7-101-02026-7
- ^ Morris Rossabi, ed. (30 August 2013). Eurasian Influences on Yuan China. Institute for Southeast Asian Studies. p. 51. ISBN 978-9814459723.
- ^ Chiu Hsin-Hui (2008). The Colonial 'civilizing Process' in Dutch Formosa: 1624 - 1662. Brill. p. 233. ISBN 978-9004165076.
- ^ Race and Racism in Modern East Asia: Western and Eastern Construction. Brill. 2014. p. 320. ISBN 9789004237414.
- ^ "Wang Dayuan". National Library Board Singapore.
- ^ Rockhill (1915). Notes on the Relations and Trade of China with the Eastern Archipelago and the Coast of the Indian Ocean During the Fourteenth Century, Part II - Introductory Note. p. 62.
- ^ Wang, Dayuan; Su, Jiqing (2009). Dao Yi Zhi Lue Explanatory Notes 島夷誌略校釋. Beijing: Zhong Hua Shu Ju. p. Intro 10. ISBN 9787101020267.
- ^ Lee, Meiyu (2014). "Tales of the Dragon's Tooth Strait". BiblioAsia. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ Andaya, Barbara; Andaya, Leonard (2014). A History of Early Modern Southeast Asia, 1400-1800. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 20. ISBN 9780521889926.
- ^ Park, Hyunhee (2012). Mapping the Chinese and Islamic worlds: cross-cultural exchange in pre-modern Asia. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 116. ISBN 9781107018686.
- ^ Deng, Geng (1999). Maritime sector, institutions, and sea power of premodern China. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. p. 144. ISBN 0313307121.
- ^ "Dao Yi Zhi Lue 島夷誌略". NTI Reader. NTI Buddhist Text Reader project. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
- ^ "《島夷志略》". Chinese Text Project.
- ^ Paul Wheatley (1961). The Golden Khersonese: Studies in the Historical Geography of the Malay Peninsula before A.D. 1500. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press. pp. 77–83. OCLC 504030596.
Bibliography
- Rockhill, William Woodville (1914). "Notes on the Relations and Trade of China with the Eastern Archipelago and the Coast of the Indian Ocean During the Fourteenth Century, Part I - I." T'oung Pao. 1: 419–447.
- Rockhill, William Woodville (1915). "Notes on the Relations and Trade of China with the Eastern Archipelago and the Coast of the Indian Ocean During the Fourteenth Century, Part II - Introductory Note". T'oung Pao. 1: 61–159.
- Rockhill, William Woodville (1915). "Notes on the Relations and Trade of China with the Eastern Archipelago and the Coast of the Indian Ocean During the Fourteenth Century, Part II - II. Java and the Eastern Archipelago". T'oung Pao. 1: 236–271.
- Rockhill, William Woodville (1915). "Notes on the Relations and Trade of China with the Eastern Archipelago and the Coast of the Indian Ocean During the Fourteenth Century, Part II - III. Ceylon and Maldive Islands". T'oung Pao. 1: 374–392.
- Rockhill, William Woodville (1915). "Notes on the relations and trade of China with the eastern archipelago and the coast of the Indian Ocean during the fourteenth century, Part II - IV. Coasts of India". T'oung Pao. 1: 435–467.
- 1330 - Singapore's Early Settlements & Trade - a short documentary about how Singapore was depicted in Wang Dayuan's Daoyi Zhilue, produced for the Singapore Bicentennial in 2019.
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