Japanese 2-8-2 steam locomotive
JNR Class D51 Soviet Railways D51 Taiwan Railways DT650 Manila Railroad 300 class (1951) KNR Mika7 (미카7)
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer
Hideo Shima Builder Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company Kisha Seizo Hitachi Nippon Sharyo Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Build date 1936-1951 Total produced 1115 (Japan) 37 (Taiwan) 10 (Philippines) 2 (Korea) 30 (Soviet Union)
Specifications
Gauge
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in )1,435 mm (4 ft 8+ 1 ⁄2 in ) (KNR Mika7) Length 19,730 mm (64 ft 8+ 3 ⁄4 in)Loco weight 76.8 t (75.6 long tons; 84.7 short tons)
[1] Total weight 123.0 t (121.1 long tons; 135.6 short tons)
Performance figures Maximum speed 85 km/h (55 mph)
Tractive effort 184.3 kN (41,400 lbf )
Career Numbers JNR : D51 1-D954,D51 1001-1161 (Japan) TRA : DT651-687 (Taiwan) Soviet Railways : D51-1-D51-30 (Soviet Union) KNR : 1701-1702 (Korea) Manila Railroad : 300-309 (Philippines) Retired 1956 (Philippines) 1965 (Korea) 1975 (Japan) 1979 (Soviet Union) 1983 (Taiwan) Disposition 174 preserved, five operational, 6 converted into
JNR Class D61 (Japan) Nine preserved, two dumped (Russia) Four preserved (Taiwan)
The Class D51 (D51形 ) is a type of
2-8-2
steam locomotive built by the
Japanese Government Railways (JGR), the
Japanese National Railways (JNR), and
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company ,
Kisha Seizo ,
Hitachi ,
Nippon Sharyo ,
Mitsubishi , and
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries from 1936 to 1945 and 1950 to 1951. 174 were preserved in Japan but 5 out of the 174 are operational leaving only 169 on display .
Design and operation
The design of class D51 was based on the earlier
D50 , introduced in 1923. Wartime production featured some substitution of wood for steel parts like running boards, smoke deflectors and tender coal bunkers. A total of 1,115 D51s were built,
[2] the largest number in any single class of locomotive in Japan. Early D51s were nicknamed Namekuji-gata ("
slug -form") for their shape. The locomotive was designed by
Hideo Shima . It was used mainly in freight service through the 1960s. Some D51s were fitted with the
Giesl ejector in Hokkaido to conserve on fuel.
[3]
Service outside Japan
Soviet Railways D51
The 30 specially built D51s that were left on
Sakhalin (formerly
Karafuto ) by the retreating Japanese at the end of
the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) and after the
Soviet-Japanese War (1945) , were used from 1945 until 1979 by
Soviet Railways . One was left outside
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station, and one is in running condition and is kept at the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station. Additionally two wrecks were left to the north of the city.
[4]
Korean National Railways Mika7
Two locomotives were built for the
Korean National Railroad in 1950 by
Mitsubishi for
South Korea during the
Korean War . Designated Mika7 (미카7) class, they were nearly identical to JNR class D51 except for the gauge.
[5]
Manila Railroad 300 class (1951)
According to the a journal published in 1956, ten locomotives were built by
Nippon Sharyo for the
Manila Railroad Company . These entered service in 1951. Numbered the 300 class, they were named after the
cog locomotive class built in the 1910s for the Manila Railway. These locomotives differed from the rest of the D51 builds through the lack of
smoke deflectors .
[6]
The locomotives had a short service life in the
Philippines as Manila Railroad ordered the
dieselization of its entire network, having all steam locomotives retired by 1956.
[7]
Taiwan Railways Administration DT650
DT668 on a trial run in Taiwan in November 2011
From 1936 to 1944, Kawasaki,
Kisha Seizō and Hitachi had built 32 D51s for Imperial Taiwan Railway. After
World War II , they were taken over by
Taiwan Railways Administration , and were classified DT650 . In 1951, Kisha Seizō built three DT650s and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries built two DT650s for Taiwan Railways Administration.
[8]
Classification
The classification consists of a "D" for the four sets of driving wheels and the class number 51 for
tender locomotives that the numbers 50 through 99 were assigned to under the
1928 locomotive classification rule .
Preserved examples
Over 173 Class D51 locomotives are preserved in Japan. D51 498 was restored by
JR East and pulls special-event trains on JR East lines.
[9]
The following is a list of preserved locomotives as of July 2023.
[10]
Operational
D51 200 at the Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum in December 2011
D51 146 : Operated on the
Mooka Railway , runs on compressed air. (Semi-operational)
D51 200 : Preserved in operational condition by
JR West at the
Kyoto Railway Museum , and was operating on Yamaguchi Line from November 2017 to May 2022, when a crack in one of its bogies was discovered. Restoration work and trial runs are continuing at the Railway Museum.
D51 320 : Operated at a railway museum in
Abira, Hokkaido on compressed air. (Semi-operational)
D51 498 : Operated by JR East, based at Takasaki Rolling Stock Center
[9]
[11]
D51 827 : Operated at Aridagawa Railway Park in
Wakayama Prefecture , runs on compressed air.
Built in 1938 at the JNR
Hamamatsu Works, locomotive number D51 200 has been overhauled and restored to operational condition for use as SL Yamaguchi and SL Kitabiwako starting in 2017.
[12]
Static preservation
D51 1 : Preserved at
Kyoto Railway Museum
D51 2 : Previously preserved at the
Modern Transportation Museum in Osaka, and moved to the Tsuyama Roundhouse next to
Tsuyama Station in Okayama Prefecture in March 2015
[13]
D51 6 : Preserved in a park in
Asahikawa, Hokkaido
D51 8 : Preserved in a park in
Amagasaki, Hyogo
D51 10 : Preserved at a community centre in
Yukuhashi, Fukuoka
D51 11 : Preserved in a park in
Sapporo, Hokkaido
D51 14 : Preserved in a park in
Nagareyama, Chiba
D51 18 : Preserved in Tokiwa park,
Ube, Yamaguchi
D51 25 : Preserved in a park in
Sanda, Hyogo
D51 47 : Preserved in a park in
Iwamizawa, Hokkaido
D51 59 : Preserved in a park in
Tatsuno, Nagano
D51 66 : Preserved at Kawanishi Elementary School in
Seika, Kyoto
D51 68 : Preserved at Koiwai Farm in
Shizukuishi, Iwate
D51 70 : Preserved at Sakura Transport Park in
Tsukuba, Ibaraki
D51 75 : Preserved in a park in
Joetsu, Niigata
D51 86 : Preserved at "Flower Park" in
Hamamatsu, Shizuoka
D51 89 : Preserved in a park in
Toyohashi, Aichi
D51 95 : Preserved at Shintoku Ski Slope in
Shintoku, Hokkaido
D51 96 : Preserved at
Usui Pass Railway Heritage Park in
Annaka, Gunma
D51 101 : Preserved in Chuo Park in
Shimada, Shizuoka
D51 103 : Preserved in a park in
Iwakuni, Yamaguchi
D51 113 : Preserved in Chuo Park in
Misawa, Aomori
D51 118 : Preserved in Kotesashi Park in
Tokorozawa, Saitama
D51 125 : Preserved next to the Funabashi Historical Museum in
Funabashi, Chiba
D51 140 : Preserved in Arakawa Park in
Kumagaya, Saitama
D51 155 : Preserved outside Shiojiri City Office in
Shiojiri, Nagano
D51 158 : Preserved outside a community centre in
Ibaraki, Osaka
D51 159 : Preserved in a park in
Iwanai, Hokkaido
D51 165 : Preserved in a park in
Nanto, Toyama
D51 170 : Preserved in front of
Yatake Station in
Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto
D51 172 : Preserved in a park in
Matsumoto, Nagano
D51 176 : Preserved in a park in
Hita, Oita
D51 187 : Preserved in front of JR East's Omiya Workshops,
Saitama, Saitama
D51 194 : Preserved in front of
Tsuwano Station in
Tsuwano, Shimane
D51 195 : Preserved in a park in
Yonago, Tottori
D51 201 : Preserved outside Gamagori Museum in
Gamagori, Aichi
D51 206 : Preserved in a park next to Saga City Office in
Saga, Saga (numberplates have been changed)
[10]
D51 209 : Preserved in a park in
Ina, Nagano
D51 211 : Preserved at Oji Zoo in
Kobe, Hyogo
D51 222 : Preserved in Yogi Park,
Naha, Okinawa
D51 231 : Preserved outside the
National Museum of Nature and Science in
Taito, Tokyo
D51 232 : Preserved at Omoriyama Zoo in
Akita, Akita
D51 237 : Preserved at Naebo Works in
Sapporo, Hokkaido
D51 238 : Preserved at a community centre in
Kiso, Nagano
D51 243 : Preserved in
Izu, Shizuoka
D51 244 : Preserved at a children's museum in
Kitakyushu, Fukuoka
D51 245 : Preserved at a community centre in
Sakaki, Nagano
D51 254 : Preserved in Suginami Jidō Kōtsū Park in
Suginami, Tokyo
D51 260 : Preserved in a park in
Namerikawa, Toyama
D51 264 : Preserved in a park in
Koriyama, Fukushima
D51 266 : Preserved in a park in
Nakatsugawa, Gifu
D51 270 : Preserved in Yokote Park in
Yokote, Akita
D51 272 : Preserved in Setagaya Park in
Setagaya, Tokyo
D51 286 : Preserved in
Otaru, Hokkaido
D51 296 : Preserved in Fuchū Transport Park in
Fuchū, Tokyo
D51 297 : Preserved in
Takikawa, Hokkaido
D51 300 : Preserved in a park in
Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi
D51 303 : Preserved in a park in
Tottori, Tottori
D51 311 : Preserved in SL Park in
Kitami, Hokkaido
D51 312 : Preserved in Sakurayama Park in
Fukagawa, Hokkaido
D51 333 : Preserved in
Shiraoi, Hokkaido
D51 337 : Preserved in
Wassamu, Hokkaido
D51 345 : Preserved in Taishiyama Park in
Taishi, Hyogo
D51 349 : Preserved in
Okaya, Nagano
D51 351 : Preserved in SL Park in
Nagiso, Nagano
D51 370 : Preserved in a park in
Akita, Akita
D51 385 : Preserved in a park in
Kamagaya, Chiba
D51 395 : Preserved at Tokuyama Zoo in
Shunan, Yamaguchi
D51 397 : Preserved in a park in
Shibetsu, Hokkaido
D51 398 : Preserved in Nayoro Park in
Nayoro, Hokkaido
D51 401 : Preserved at Suzaka Zoo in
Suzaka, Nagano
D51 402 : Preserved at a community centre in
Iida, Nagano
D51 403 : Preserved in a park in
Ritto, Shiga
D51 405 : Preserved in a park in
Matsudo, Chiba
D51 408 : Preserved at a museum in
Kawasaki, Kanagawa
D51 409 : Preserved at
Yamazaki Mazak Corporation Minokamo Factory in
Minokamo, Gifu
D51 422 : Preserved in a park in
Onomichi, Hiroshima
D51 426 : (Front end only) Preserved at JR East
Railway Museum ,
Saitama, Saitama (Cab section is used as a driving simulator)
D51 428 : Preserved in Higashi-Chofu Park in
Ota, Tokyo
D51 444 : Preserved at the SL Hiroba in
Kitami, Hokkaido
D51 451 : Preserved in Showa Park in
Akishima, Tokyo
D51 452 : Preserved at
Ome Railway Park in
Ōme, Tokyo
D51 453 : Preserved in Nishiguchi No. 1 Park in
Kashiwa, Chiba
D51 469 : Preserved in a park in
Takaishi, Osaka
D51 470 : Preserved in Bairin Park in
Gifu, Gifu
D51 481 : Preserved in
Minamiechizen, Fukui
D51 483 : Preserved in
Azumino, Nagano
D51 485 : Preserved in a park in
Nobeoka, Miyazaki
D51 486 : Preserved at JR East's Nagano Depot in
Nagano, Nagano
D51 488 : Preserved at the Wako Museum in
Yasugi, Shimane
D51 499 : Preserved in a park in
Tsu, Mie
D51 502 : Preserved in Kamichiba Sunahara Park in
Katsushika, Tokyo
D51 512 : Preserved in a park in
Shibata, Niigata
D51 513 : Preserved in a park in
Itabashi, Tokyo
D51 515 : Preserved in a park in
Mito, Ibaraki
D51 516 : Preserved in Honmoku Shimin Park in
Yokohama, Kanagawa
D51 522 : Preserved in a park in
Kanazawa, Ishikawa
D51 541 : Preserved in a park in
Hyuga, Miyazaki
D51 542 : Preserved inside JR Kyushu's Okura Works in
Kitakyushu, Fukuoka (sectioned)
[10]
D51 549 : Preserved outside an elementary school in
Nagano, Nagano
D51 560 : Preserved in
Muroran, Hokkaido
D51 561 : Preserved in
Kawaba, Gunma (operated at a ski resort hotel using compressed air until 2016)
[10]
D51 565 : Preserved in a park in
Saroma, Hokkaido
D51 566 : Preserved in
Akabira, Hokkaido (not on public display)
[10]
D51 592 : Preserved in
Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi
D51 603 : Preserved in the "19th Century Hall" at
Torokko Saga Station in Kyoto (Front section only)
[10]
D51 607 : Preserved in a park in
Fukui, Fukui
D51 609 : Preserved in a park in
Narita, Chiba
D51 663 : Preserved at a culture centre in
Towada, Aomori
D51 688 : Preserved in Minami Park in
Okazaki, Aichi
D51 691 : Preserved in a park in
Tenri, Nara
D51 714 : Preserved in a park in
Kagoshima, Kagoshima
D51 718 : Preserved in a park in
Ichinomiya, Aichi
D51 720 : Preserved in a park in
Hiroshima, Hiroshima
D51 724 : Preserved in Ekimae Park in
Shibukawa, Gunma
D51 735 : Preserved in
Murakami, Niigata
D51 737 : Preserved in Nagi Park in
Yuasa, Wakayama
D51 745 : Preserved in front of
Minakami Station in
Minakami, Gunma
D51 762 : Preserved in a park in
Hachinohe, Aomori
D51 764 : Preserved in
Suita, Osaka
D51 768 : Preserved in
Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi
D51 769 : Preserved outside a museum in
Omi, Nagano
D51 774 : Preserved outside the former
Taisha Station in
Izumo, Shimane
D51 775 : Preserved in front of
Kiso-Fukushima Station in
Kiso, Nagano
D51 777 : Preserved in a park in
Kariya, Aichi
D51 787 : Preserved in
Miyota, Nagano
D51 792 : Preserved in a park in
Kasugai, Aichi
D51 793 : Preserved at Nagahama Railway Square in
Nagahama, Shiga
D51 813 : Preserved outside a community centre in
Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi
D51 822 : Preserved in front of
Mattō Station in
Hakusan, Ishikawa
D51 823 : Preserved in a park in
Inazawa, Aichi
D51 824 : Preserved in
Suwa, Nagano
D51 828 : Preserved in Heiwa Kannon Temple in
Awaji, Hyogo (closed and not open to the public)
[10]
D51 831 : Preserved in a park in
Iga, Mie
D51 837 : Preserved in a park in
Komagane, Nagano
D51 838 : Preserved in a car park in
Niimi, Okayama
D51 842 : Preserved in a park in
Kurashiki, Okayama
D51 849 : Preserved in a park in
Toyota, Aichi
D51 853 : Preserved in
Asukayama Park in
Kita, Tokyo
D51 859 : Preserved in a park in
Engaru, Hokkaido
D51 860 : Preserved in a park in
Fukuyama, Hiroshima
D51 862 : Preserved in
Machida, Tokyo
D51 882 : Preserved in
Ibaraki, Osaka
D51 885 : Preserved in
Fukaya, Saitama
D51 889 : Preserved in a park in
Soja, Okayama
D51 892 : Preserved in a park in
Hirosaki, Aomori
D51 895 : Preserved in a park in
Oji, Nara
D51 916 : Preserved in a park in
Maebashi, Gunma
D51 917 : Preserved in a park in Kita-ku,
Okayama, Okayama
D51 921 : Preserved outside Shinonoi Community Centre in
Nagano, Nagano
D51 923 : Preserved in
Kurume, Fukuoka
D51 930 : Preserved in a park in
Iwade, Wakayama
D51 943 : Preserved in a park in
Fuji, Shizuoka
D51 946 : Preserved at the Coal and Fossils Museum in
Iwaki, Fukushima
D51 947 : Preserved in
Hakone, Kanagawa
D51 953 : Preserved outside Chuo Community Centre in
Toyoura, Hokkaido
D51 954 : Preserved outside a community centre in
Furano, Hokkaido
D51 1001 : Preserved in front of the Koshoku Gymnasium in
Chikuma, Nagano
D51 1032 : Preserved in a park in
Yufu, Ōita
D51 1052 : Preserved in Kirin Beer Park Chitose in
Chitose, Hokkaido
D51 1072 : Preserved in front of
Kobe Station in
Kobe, Hyogo
D51 1085 : Preserved in Aridagawa Railway Park in
Aridagawa, Wakayama
D51 1101 : Preserved at
Mikasa Park in
Yokosuka, Kanagawa
D51 1108 : Preserved at Sendai Shinkansen Depot in
Rifu, Miyagi
D51 1116 : Privately preserved in
Shiroi, Chiba
D51 1119 : Preserved in a park in
Atsugi, Kanagawa
D51 1142 : Preserved in a park in
Sasebo, Nagasaki
D51 1149 : Preserved in Taga SL Park in
Taga, Shiga
D51 6 in Asahikawa, Hokkaido
D51 51 ("Slug" type)
D51 125 in Funabashi, Chiba
D51 170 in Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto
D51 231 outside the National Museum of Nature and Science in Tokyo in December 2014
D51 286 in Otaru, Hokkaido
D51 452 at Ome Railway Park in Tokyo
D51 470 in Gifu
D51 745 in front of Minakami Station in October 2012
D51 774 next to the former Taisha Station in Izumo in March 2016
D51 792 in Kasugai, Aichi
D51 862 in Machida, Tokyo
D51 946 at the Coal and Fossils Museum in Iwaki, Fukushima
D51 1085 in Aridagawa, Wakayama
D51 1108 at Sendai Shinkansen Depot in July 2008
Russian Class D51
Plinthed Russian D51-22 outside
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Railway Station
Sakhalin Island , Russia
D51-1 : Niigata Prefecture
D51-2 : Hokkaido
D51-4 : Sakhalin (working order, after re-gauging of the
Sakhalin Railways to the
Russian gauge stay in railway museum in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk station
[14] )
D51-22 : Sakhalin (Plinthed outside
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station)
D51-23 : Hokkaido
D51-25 : Hokkaido
D51-26 : Hokkaido
D51-27 : Hokkaido
Taiwan Railways Administration DT650
DT675(Former DT670)
DT652 : Preserved at
Tainan Sports Park.
DT654 : Preserved at East Stone Township,
Chiayi County . (The current number is DT651)
DT668 : Preserved in operational condition at
Changhua Locomotive Depot.
DT670 : Preserved at Art and Literature Center,
Banqiao District ,
New Taipei City . (The current number is DT675)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
D51 .
References
^ Inoue, Kōichi (1999). 国鉄機関車辞典 [JNR Locomotive Encyclopedia ]. Japan: Sankaido. p. 59.
ISBN
4-381-10338-6 .
^ Hirota, Naotaka (January 1972). Steam Locomotives of Japan . Kodansha America, Inc. p. 74 & 78.
ISBN
978-0870111853 .
^
Japan Railway Journal, Kyoto Railway Museum: The Story of Rail Transport in Japan .
Japan Railway Journal . Japan:
NHK World-Japan . 2016. Event occurs at 10:14. [
permanent dead link ]
^
Steam and the Railways of Sakhalin Island - at International Steam Locomotives
^
"Korean National RR Mika-7 2-8-2" . Don's Rail Photos . Archived from the original on November 19, 2020. {{
cite web }}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
link )
^ Locomotive Engineers Journal . Vol. 90.
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen . 1956.
^
"The Passing of the Steam Engine" . This Week . August 12, 1956. Retrieved January 22, 2021 .
^
"DT650 class" . Kurogane No Michi . Archived from
the original on January 3, 2020.
^
a
b JR全車輌ハンドブック2009 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009 ]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 2009.
ISBN
978-4-7770-0836-0 .
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g Sasada, Masahiro (September 2012). 国鉄&JR保存車大全 [JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide ]. Tokyo, Japan: Ikaros Publications Ltd. pp. 133–135.
ISBN
978-4863206175 .
^
JR East Takasaki Branch D51 498 website (in Japanese) (Translate to English:
Google ,
Bing ,
Yandex )
^
JR西日本、D51形200号機が本線運転復活へ [JR West to restore D51 20 to mainline operational condition]. Mynavi News (in Japanese). Japan: Mynavi Corporation. 18 October 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2014 .
^
津山市 来月からD51の展示始まる [D51 to go on display at Tsuyama from next month]. RSK News (in Japanese). Japan: Sanyo Broadcasting Co., Ltd. 26 February 2015. Archived from
the original on 26 February 2015. Retrieved 31 October 2015 .
^
Южно-Сахалинск - Томари. Вид из окна поезда , retrieved 2022-07-08
See also
Japanese Government Railway Steam Locomotives
Tank
Four-driver Six-driver Ten-driver
Tender
Four-driver Six-driver Eight-driver Ten-driver
Mallet
Narrow gauge
Japanese railway locomotives
Steam locomotives Diesel locomotives Electric locomotives
Locomotives of East Japan Railway Company
Electric
Diesel Steam Note: Withdrawn locomotive classes are shown in italics
Locomotives of West Japan Railway Company
Electric
Diesel Steam Note: Withdrawn locomotive classes are shown in italics
Rolling stock of former Soviet Union countries
Steam locomotives
Diesel locomotives
Freight Passenger Shunting and industrial Narrow-gauge
Electric locomotives
Multiple units
Metro Diesel Electric High-speed
Current/Active
Future
Retired/Withdrawn
Experimental
High-speed trains Multiple units
Active
Diesel multiple units Locomotives Loco-hauled railcars Work trains
Future
Withdrawn
Steam
tank locomotives Tender locomotives Diesel locomotives
8500 (1944)
1000 (1955–56)
2000 (1955–56)
3000 (1955)
4000 (1955)
3500 (ja) ‡ (
c. 1960)
1500 (1966–68)
Railcars and multiple units Loco-hauled railcars
Manila–Dagupan coaches (1885–91)
Metropolitan (1914)
7 series (1949–61)
7A (
ja ) (1948, 1952)
7A-100 II (1974–78)
7B (1950)
7BM (1952–55)
7BP (1968)
7C (1948–50)
7C (II) (1956)
7C-200 (1958–61)
7K (1960)
7E /7SE (
c. 1974)
7A-2000 (
ja ) (1969–78, acq. 1999–2001)
14 (
ja ) (1966–79, acq. 2004, 2011)
Diesel locomotives
Diesel-electric Diesel-hydraulic
Electric locomotives Electric multiple units Steam locomotives
Railcars