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Family of beetles
The Cupedidae are a small
family of
beetles , notable for the square pattern of "windows" on their
elytra (hard forewings), which give the family their common name of reticulated beetles .
[1]
The family consists of about 30 species in 9 genera, with a
worldwide distribution. Many more extinct species are known, dating as far back as the
Triassic .
[1] The family
Ommatidae is considered a subfamily of Cupedidae by some authors, but ommatids have been found to more closely related to
Micromalthidae in genomic analysis studies.
[2]
These beetles tend to be elongated with a parallel-sided body, ranging in length from 10 to 20 mm (0.39 to 0.79 in), with colors brownish, blackish, or gray. The larvae are wood-borers, typically living in
fungus -infested wood, and sometimes found in wood construction.
[1] The larvae eat the fungus-infested dead wood or tree roots while the adults are believed to subsist on pollen and plant sap.
[3]
Males of
Priacma serrata (western
North America ) are notable for being strongly attracted to common household
bleach . This suggests that compounds in bleach may resemble attractive compounds found by the beetle in nature.
[1]
Taxonomy
Adinolepis Neboiss, 1984 – Australia
Ascioplaga Neboiss, 1984 – New Caledonia, Australia
Cupes
Fabricius , 1801 – Europe, China,
Paleogene ; North America, Recent
Distocupes Neboiss, 1984 – Australia
Paracupes Kolbe, 1898 – South America
Priacma
LeConte , 1874 – Myanmar, Cretaceous; North America, Recent
Prolixocupes Neboiss, 1960 – North America, South America
Rhipsideigma Neboiss, 1984 – Madagascar, East Africa
Tenomerga Neboiss, 1984 – East and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, North America, South Africa
Fossil genera
After Kirejtshuk, Nel and Kirejtshuk (2016).
[4]
†
Anaglyphites Ponomarenko, 1964 –
Karabastau Formation , Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic (
Oxfordian /
Kimmeridgian ),
Shar-Teg , Mongolia, Late Jurassic (
Tithonian ),
Hengshan Formation , China,
Dzun-Bain Formation , Mongolia,
Zaza Formation , Russia, Early Cretaceous (
Aptian )
†"Anaglyphites" pluricavus Soriano and Delclos, 2006 –
La Pedrera de Rúbies Formation , Spain, Early Cretaceous (
Barremian )
†
Apriacma Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 –
Yixian Formation , China, Aptian
†
Asimma Ponomarenko, 1966 –
Madygen Formation , Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†
Barbaticupes Jarzembowski et al. , 2017 –
Burmese amber , Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (
Cenomanian )
†
Cainomerga Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 –
Menat Formation , France,
Paleocene
†
Cretomerga Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
†
Cupopsis Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 –
New Jersey amber , Late Cretaceous (
Turonian )
†
Cupidium Ponomarenko, 1968 – Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian
†
Ensicupes Hong, 1976 –
Dalazi Formation ,
Guyang Formation , China, Aptian
†
Furcicupes Tan and Ren, 2006 – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
†
Gracilicupes Tan et al. , 2006 –
Daohugou , China, Middle Jurassic (
Callovian )
†
Kirghizocupes Ponomarenko, 1966 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†
Latocupes Ren and Tan, 2006 – Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
†
Mallecupes Jarzembowski et al. , 2017 – Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†
Menatops Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 – Menat Formation, France, Paleocene
†
Mesocupes Martynov, 1926 – Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Oxfordian,
Las Hoyas , Spain, Barremian
†
Miocupes Ponomarenko, 1973 – Cypris Formation, Czech Republic,
Miocene
†"Platycupes" sogdianus Ponomarenko, 1966 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†"Priacma" sanzii Soriano and Delclos, 2006 – Las Hoyas, Spain, Barremian
†
Priacmopsis Ponomarenko, 1966 – Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
†
Pterocupes Ponomarenko, 1966 – Madygen Formation, Kyrgyzstan, Late Triassic
†
Taxopsis Kirejtshuk et al. , 2016 –
Baltic amber ,
Eocene
Notocupes , traditionally considered a member of Ommatidae, has been suggested to be more closely related to Cupedidae via cladistic analysis.
[5]
References
^
a
b
c
d Evans, Arthur V.; Hogue, James N. (15 November 2006).
"Family Groups: Reticulated Beetles Cupedidae " . Field Guide to Beetles of California . University of California Press. pp. 51–.
ISBN
978-0-520-24657-7 .
^ McKenna, Duane D.; Shin, Seunggwan; Ahrens, Dirk; Balke, Michael; Beza-Beza, Cristian; Clarke, Dave J.; Donath, Alexander; Escalona, Hermes E.; Friedrich, Frank; Letsch, Harald; Liu, Shanlin (2019-12-03).
"The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 116 (49): 24729–24737.
Bibcode :
2019PNAS..11624729M .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.1909655116 .
ISSN
0027-8424 .
PMC
6900523 .
PMID
31740605 .
^ Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Wang, Bo; Zheng, Daran (2017-10-01).
"A new spiny reticulated beetle (Coleoptera: Cupedidae) from Cretaceous Burmese amber" . Proceedings of the Geologists' Association . 128 (5): 798–802.
Bibcode :
2017PrGA..128..798J .
doi :
10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.07.003 .
ISSN
0016-7878 .
^ Kirejtshuk, A. G.; Nel, A.; Kirejtshuk, P. A. (October 2016).
"Taxonomy of the reticulate beetles of the subfamily Cupedinae (Coleoptera, Archostemata), with a review of the historical development" . Invertebrate Zoology (in Russian). 13 (1): 61–190.
doi :
10.15298/invertzool.13.2.01 .
ISSN
1812-9250 .
^ Li, Yan-Da; Tihelka, Erik; Yamamoto, Shûhei; Newton, Alfred F.; Xia, Fang-Yuan; Liu, Ye; Huang, Di-Ying; Cai, Chen-Yang (2023-08-22).
"Mesozoic Notocupes revealed as the sister group of Cupedidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata)" . Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution . 11 .
doi :
10.3389/fevo.2023.1015627 .
ISSN
2296-701X .
External links