Cristoforo Buondelmonti (
c. 1385 – c. 1430) was an Italian Franciscan priest, traveler, and was a pioneer in promoting first-hand knowledge of
Greece and its antiquities throughout the Western world.
Biography
Cristoforo Buondelmonti was born around 1385 into an important Florentine family. He was taught Greek by the Italian scholar
Guarino da Verona and received further education from
Niccolò Niccoli, an influential Florentine humanist. By 1414 he had become a priest and served as a rector of a church in Florence.[1]
Buondelmonti left his native city around 1414 in order to travel. While travels were mainly focused in the
Aegean Islands, he visited
Constantinople in the 1420s. He went on to author two historical-geographic works: the Descriptio insulae
Cretae (1417, in collaboration with
Niccolò Niccoli) and the Liber insularum
Archipelagi (1420). These two books are a combination of geographical information and contemporary charts and sailing directions. The latter one contains the oldest surviving map of Constantinople, and the only one which antedates the
Ottomanconquest of the city in 1453.
While travelling over the island of
Andros, Buondelmonti bought a Greek manuscript and brought it back with him to Italy. This later became known as the Hieroglyphica of
Horapollo, which played a considerable role both in humanistic thinking and in art.[2]