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Colletotrichum
C. lindemuthianum on bean pods
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetes
Order: Glomerellales
Family: Glomerellaceae
Genus: Colletotrichum
Corda, 1831
Species complexes

See text

Colletotrichum (sexual stage: Glomerella) is a genus of fungi that are symbionts to plants as endophytes (living within the plant) or phytopathogens. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens, but some species may have a mutualistic relationship with hosts. [1]

History

The history of the Colletotrichum genus is a case study on the tension between the lumpers and splitters. [2] While the genus Colletotrichum was first proposed in 1831, [3] the exact definition of Colletotrichum and the species that belong in this genus has been in flux ever since. [4] The biggest recent shift has been from a definition (of both the genus and the species within it) based on morphology to a definition based on a combination of morphology and molecular phylogenetics. [5] [4] The use of molecular phylogenetics has led to a huge increase in the number of recognized species in this genus, and the species are now organized into species complexes that usually have the name of their most widely known species. The name of a species when referring its namesake species complex will often have the suffix s.l. or sensu lato (in the broad sense) while that same name when referring to the specific species within the species complex will have the suffix of s.s. or sensu stricto (in the strict sense).

The most recent assessment of this genus identifies 248 species, most of which are categorized into 14 species complexes. [6] If history is any indicator of the future, then the list of species complexes and species within this genus will continue to be redefined and reorganized as more information becomes available.

Species and species complexes

Colletotrichum acutatum species complex [7]

Colletotrichum agaves species complex [6]

Colletotrichum boninense species complex [8]

Colletotrichum dematium species complex [9]

Colletotrichum destructivum species complex [10]

Colletotrichum dracaenophilum species complex [11]

Colletotrichum gigasporum species complex [12]

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex [13]

Colletotrichum graminicola-caudatum species complex [6]

Colletotrichum magnum species complex [11]

Colletotrichum orbiculare species complex [6]

Colletotrichum orchidearum species complex [11]

Colletotrichum spaethianum species complex [9]

Colletotrichum truncatum species complex [9]

Singleton species [6]

Species names that are no longer valid or have been synonymized

References

  1. ^ Rodriguez, R.; Redman, R. (2008). "More than 400 million years of evolution and some plants still can't make it on their own: plant stress tolerance via fungal symbiosis". Journal of Experimental Botany. 59 (5): 1109–1114. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erm342. PMID  18267941.
  2. ^ Hyde, Kevin David, Lei Cai, E. H. C. McKenzie, Y. L. Yang, J. Z. Zhang, and H. Prihastuti (2009). "Colletotrichum : a catalogue of confusion" (PDF). Fungal Diversity. 39.{{ cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
  3. ^ August Carl Joseph, Corda (1831). Sturm, Jakob (ed.). Deutschlands Flora in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen (in German). Vol. 3. Nürnberg, Germany. pp. 33–64.
  4. ^ a b Cannon, P.F.; Damm, U.; Johnston, P.R.; Weir, B.S. (2012). "Colletotrichum – current status and future directions". Studies in Mycology. 73 (1): 181–213. doi: 10.3114/sim0014. PMC  3458418. PMID  23136460.
  5. ^ Cai, L., Hyde, K.D., Taylor, P.W.J., Weir, B.S., Waller, J., Abang, M.M., Zhang, J.Z., Yang, Y.L., Phoulivong, S., Liu, Z.Y., Prihastuti, H., Shivas, R.G., McKenzie, E.H.C. and Johnston, P.R. (2009). "A polyphasic approach for studying Colletotrichum" (PDF). Fungal Diversity. 39: 183–204.{{ cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
  6. ^ a b c d e Bhunjun, Chitrabhanu S.; Phukhamsakda, Chayanard; Jayawardena, Ruvishika S.; Jeewon, Rajesh; Promputtha, Itthayakorn; Hyde, Kevin D. (2021). "Investigating species boundaries in Colletotrichum". Fungal Diversity. 107 (1): 107–127. doi: 10.1007/s13225-021-00471-z. ISSN  1878-9129. S2CID  233617783.
  7. ^ Damm, U.; Cannon, P.F.; Woudenberg, J.H.C.; Crous, P.W. (2012). "The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex". Studies in Mycology. 73 (1): 37–113. doi: 10.3114/sim0010. PMC  3458416. PMID  23136458.
  8. ^ Damm, U.; Cannon, P.F.; Woudenberg, J.H.C.; Johnston, P.R.; Weir, B.S.; Tan, Y.P.; Shivas, R.G.; Crous, P.W. (2012). "The Colletotrichum boninense species complex". Studies in Mycology. 73 (1): 1–36. doi: 10.3114/sim0002. PMC  3458415. PMID  23136457.
  9. ^ a b c Jayawardena RS, Hyde KD, Damm U, Cai L, Liu M, Li XH, Zhang W, Zhao WS, and Yan JY (2016). "Notes on currently accepted species of Colletotrichum" (PDF). Mycosphere. 7 (8): 1192–1260. doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/si/2c/9.{{ cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
  10. ^ Damm, U.; O'Connell, R. J.; Groenewald, J. Z.; Crous, P. W. (2014). "The Colletotrichum destructivum species complex – hemibiotrophic pathogens of forage and field crops". Studies in Mycology. 79: 49–84. doi: 10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.003. ISSN  0166-0616. PMC  4255528. PMID  25492986.
  11. ^ a b c Damm, U.; Sato, T.; Alizadeh, A.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Crous, P.W. (2018). "The Colletotrichum dracaenophilum, C. magnum and C. orchidearum species complexes". Studies in Mycology. 90 (1): 71–118. doi: 10.1016/j.simyco.2017.11.002. ISSN  0166-0616. PMC  5738211. PMID  29276320. S2CID  37921559.
  12. ^ Liu, F.; Cai, L.; Crous, P.W.; Damm, U. (2014). "The Colletotrichum gigasporum species complex". Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi. 33 (1): 83–97. doi: 10.3767/003158514X684447. PMC  4312939. PMID  25737595.
  13. ^ Weir, B.S.; Johnston, P.R.; Damm, U. (2012). "The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex". Studies in Mycology. 73 (1): 115–180. doi: 10.3114/sim0011. PMC  3458417. PMID  23136459.

Further reading

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