The original provincial capital is believed to be near
Dazaifu, although
Fukuoka city has become dominant in modern times.
At the end of the 13th century, Chikuzen was the landing point for a
Mongol invasion force. But the main force was destroyed by a
typhoon (later called
kamikaze).
In April 1336,
Kikuchi Taketoshi attacked the
Shoni clan stronghold at
Dazaifu. At the time, the Shoni were allied with
Ashikaga Takauji in his battles against
Go-Daigo. The Shoni were defeated, which led to the suicide of several clan members, including their leader Shoni Sadatsune.[2]
In the
Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. Maps of Japan and Chikuzen Province were
reformed in the 1870s.[3] At the same time, the province continued to exist for some purposes. For example, Chikuzen is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the
United States and (b) between Japan and the
United Kingdom.[4]