British iron bar currency was a form of currency consisting of iron bars that appears to have been the first currency used in Britain. [1] Iron currency bars first appeared around 200BC. [2] Finds at Hod Hill suggest that the Iron bar currency stopped being used as coins were adopted. [1]
Currency bars have been found in four forms known as sword-shaped, spit shaped, plough-shaped and bay-leaf-shaped. [2] It has been suggested that these shapes were used to show the origin of the bars. [2] The bars generally weigh between 0.5 and 0.3 kg [2] Spit shaped bars are the most commonly found representing half of all finds. [3] Sword shaped bars make up another 40 percent. [3]
Iron currency bars have been found in some numbers in hill-forts With 27 being found at Hod Hill. [4] [5] The bars found at Danebury appear to have been into the process of being processed into goods. [4] A hoard of 394 bars found at Meon Hill hillfort in 1824 marked the beginning of modern awareness of the currency bars. [1] [6]
What appears to be iron bar currency was mentioned in Julius Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico. [7] There are variances in the surviving texts meaning that it is possible the original text was referring to iron ring money. [7] However iron bar currency is considered more likely in the light of archaeological discoveries of bars. [7]
The different types of bar have been found with varying frequency across England. [2]
Type | Mainly found | Image |
---|---|---|
Sword-shaped [2] | Hampshire, Dorset, along the Jurassic Way and onto the Humber [2] | |
Spit shaped [2] | Cotswolds, Somerset [2] | |
Plough-shaped [2] | Thames Valley, Kent, Midlands [2] | |
Bay-leaf-shaped [2] | Cambridgeshire [2] |