Accessory pump found in the heart of some cephalopods
Branchial hearts are accessory pumps that supplement the action of the
systemic heart in a
cephalopod's body. They are
myogenic in nature.[1] Branchial hearts are always in pairs located at the base of the
gills. Each branchial heart consists of a single chamber.[1][2] They pump blood through the gills via the afferent branchial veins. Since they only circulate
venous blood, branchial hearts function under predominantly
anaerobic conditions.[1] Branchial hearts also appear to be involved in
hemocyanin synthesis.[3][2]
Each branchial heart is directly connected to a branchial heart appendage or pericardial gland.[4] The action of the branchial hearts is necessary for the production of primary
urine in these appendages via pressure filtration.[5] Branchial hearts may have evolved from the pericardial glands of
nautiloids, such as those still found in modern
nautiluses.[6]
References
^
abcFiedler, A.; Schipp, R. (1987). "The role of the branchial heart complex in circulation of coleoid cephalopods". Experientia. 43 (5): 544–553.
doi:
10.1007/BF02143583.
S2CID3165383.
^Beuerlein, K.; Schimmelpfennig, Robert; Westermann, Bettina; Ruth, Peter; Schipp, Rudolf (1998). "Cytobiological studies on hemocyanin metabolism in the branchial heart complex of the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Cephalopoda, Dibranchiata)". Cell and Tissue Research. 292 (3): 587–595.
doi:
10.1007/s004410051088.
PMID9582416.
S2CID33065779.
^Witmer, Astrid; Martin, Arthur W. (1973). "The fine structure of the branchial heart appendage of the cephalopod Octopus dofleini martini". Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie. 136 (4): 545–68.
doi:
10.1007/BF00307370.
PMID4346672.
S2CID27050110.
^Schipp, R.; Schmidt, H. R.; Fiedler, A. (1986). "Comparative cytochemical and pharmacological studies on the cholinergic innervation of the branchial heart of the cephalopod Sepia officinalis (L.)". Experientia. 42: 23–30.
doi:
10.1007/BF01975878.
S2CID19161306.