His parents were among the founders of
Moshav Kfar Ahim, a cooperative agricultural community in south-central Israel.[20] In his youth, he attended the Shafir High School in
Merkaz Shapira, and boarding school at the
HaKfar HaYarokyouth village in
Ramat HaSharon.
Religious background
According to his father, Benny Gantz was not religious and chose not to serve as the baal toke'a and does not know the Gaavad (chief rabbi of a
rabinnical court) of
Komemiyut (a nearby town in the
Negev), but continued in his father's Zionist beliefs serving in the military, and holds "close to his heart" the memory of the Holocaust which Benny stated was present, "there, in the experience of the house".[13]
In February 2011, following the government decision to promote Gantz to Chief of the General Staff, Attorney Avi'ad Vissuli of the Forum for the Land of Israel unsuccessfully petitioned to revoke the appointment.[23][24]
In February 2019, an Israeli-American woman accused Gantz of exposing himself to her 40 years earlier, causing her traumatic disorders.[25] Gantz denied all allegations, claiming that such an incident never took place, and that the allegations were politically motivated.[26] Gantz has since sued the woman for defamation.[27]
In the course of his military career, Gantz served as commander of the
Shaldag Unit in the
Israeli Air Force; commander of the 35th Paratroopers Brigade;[31] commander of the Reserves Division in the Northern Command; commander of the Lebanon Liaison Unit; commander of the Judea and Samaria Division in 2000, before becoming the commander of the
Israeli Northern Command in 2001; and as Israel's
military attaché in the
United States from 2005 until 2009, before becoming the deputy chief of the General Staff.[21][32]
Chief of staff
Following the canceled appointment of previous nominee
AlufYoav Galant, Defense Minister
Ehud Barak announced on 5 February 2011 that he would be recommending to the
government that Gantz be appointed the 20th
Chief of the General Staff (after the pending approval by the Turkel Advisory Committee on Senior Appointments and a government vote).[33] Gantz had already been in the process of an honorable discharge from his army service.
On 13 February 2011, the Israeli government unanimously approved Gantz to be the next IDF chief of staff.[34] According to The Jerusalem Post,
Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu stated in the weekly Cabinet meeting in Jerusalem that Gantz was an "excellent officer and experienced commander, and had rich operational and logistical experience, with all the attributes needed to be a successful army commander".[35]
On 14 February 2011, Gantz returned to the IDF and assumed command as the chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces.[2] He served for the required three years and was nominated for a fourth year, which he agreed to fulfill, followed by retirement.
In his first year as Chief of the General Staff, Gantz appointed the IDF's first-ever female major-general,
Orna Barbivai.[36][37] In July 2011, Gantz appointed a special committee to address a controversy that had developed concerning mention of the word Elohim, "God", in the military
Yizkor prayer. The committee determined that a disputed passage should read Yizkor 'Am Yisrael, "May the Nation of Israel remember", and not Yizkor Elohim, "May God remember". Gantz upheld the committee's ruling.[38]
Gantz was the chairman of the Fifth Dimension, a computer security and law enforcement technology company, which specialized in tracking via smartphone spyware.[40] The company closed due to financial reasons, after its
Russian investor
Viktor Vekselberg was sanctioned under
CAATSA by the United States during the
Special Counsel investigation into Russian attempts to interfere with the US election, led by
Robert Mueller.[41][42]
Political career
Early career
In December 2018, Gantz announced the formation of a new political party, but did not originally disclose his views or name of the organization.[43] Polls demonstrated fluctuating support for the party.[44][45] On 27 December 2018, Gantz formally established the
Israel Resilience Party ("Hosen LeYisrael" in Hebrew), with the intention of running in the upcoming
April 2019 election.[46] In his first major political speech on 29 January 2019, Gantz pledged to strengthen
Israeli settlement blocs in the
West Bank and said that Israel would never leave the
Golan Heights.[47] He neither endorsed nor rejected a
two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. "The
Jordan Valley will be our border, but we won't let millions of Palestinians living beyond the fence to endanger our identity as a Jewish state," he said.[47] In addition, Gantz helped formulate a unilateral separation plan for the
Institute for National Security Studies calling for the unilateral creation of a contiguous Palestinian "entity" on 65% of the West Bank and a freeze on construction in settlements outside the major settlement blocs expected to be retained in a future peace agreement in order to stave off the perceived threat of a
one-state solution, which the plan termed as being an existential threat to Israel, along with a nuclear Iran.[48]
On 17 February 2019, at the
Munich Security Conference, Gantz enumerated the main challenges of the West as "extremist Iran, Islamic terror, and regional instability".[49] Gantz criticized Benjamin Netanyahu's decision to bar U.S. Congresswomen
Ilhan Omar and
Rashida Tlaib from entering Israel, saying that Omar and Tlaib would have seen that the West Bank is "the second best place" for Arabs in the Middle East.[50] In December 2021, Gantz described the
Islamic Republic of Iran as "the biggest threat to the global and regional peace and stability".[51]
Gantz negotiated with leader of the
Yesh Atid party
Yair Lapid, leader of the
Telem party
Moshe Ya'alon, and former
Chief of StaffGabi Ashkenazi, as well as with
Orly Levy's
Gesher. and reached an agreement with these parties, with the exception of Gesher, to form a political alliance and run jointly. the alliance, named
Blue and White, was formally announced on 21 February 2019. with Gantz and Lapid agreeing to rotate the position of Prime Minister with one another if elected.[52]
In the April 2019 election Gantz's Blue and White alliance platform included introducing prime ministerial term limits, barring indicted politicians from serving in the
Knesset, amending the nation-state law to include Israeli minorities, limiting the power of the
Chief Rabbinate of Israel over marriages, investing in early education, expanding health care, and re-entering negotiations with the
Palestinian Authority for a peace agreement.[53] The alliance won 35 seats, tying for first place with Netanyahu's
Likud, but winning a smaller share of the popular vote.[54] Following the election, Gantz conceded defeat[55] and Netanyahu received the opportunity to form a government for
PresidentReuven Rivlin, who gave Netanyahu until 29 May to form a governing coalition.[56] Netanyahu was unable to do so, and the mandate to form a government returned to Rivlin. Before he could grant the mandate to another individual, potentially Gantz,[57] Netanyahu successfully pushed to dissolve the Knesset on 30 May, leading to new elections in
September.[58]
Blue and White won 33 seats in the September election, one more than the Likud's 32 seats.[59] Rivlin met with representatives of all elected parties on 22 and 23 September to receive recommendations on whom to allow to form a government.[60] Gantz received recommendations from
Labor-Gesher,[61] the
Democratic Union[62] and the
Joint List.[63] the number of Knesset Seats held by all parties that endorsed Gantz was greater than that of those who endorsed Netanyahu. However, on 23 September, members of the
Balad party requested that their recommendation of Gantz, given automatically by their membership in the Joint List, be rescinded.[64] following this, Netanyahu had more recommendations and was chosen by Rivlin to form a government on 25 September,[65] on the condition that he not dissolve the Knesset should he fail to form a government.[66] Netanyahu failed to form a government, and returned the mandate to Rivlin, who gave it to Gantz on 23 October.[67] Gantz failed to form a government, and the mandate passed collectively to the Knesset, who failed to form a government, and dissolved on 12 December, triggering a
third election in March 2020.[68] on 19 December, Gantz and Lapid's planned rotation agreement was scrapped, with Gantz becoming Blue and White's sole candidate for Prime Minister.[69]
The March election resulted in the loss of Blue and White's parliamentary plurality, with the party winning 33 seats to the Likud's 36.[70] On 15 March, Gantz received recommendations from parties that held a combined 61 seats,[71] and was again given a mandate by Rivlin the next day.[72] Before the election, Gantz vowed to form a government that would not include Netanyahu.[73] Initially an attempt was made to form a minority government with external support from the
Joint List, however this initiative promptly collapsed as Members of the Knesset from Gantz's Party,
Yoaz Hendel and
Zvi Hauser announced they would vote against such a government, citing an electoral promise not to lean on the Joint List. During the
COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, Gantz reversed his stance and announced he was willing to support an emergency coalition with Netanyahu.[74]
On 26 March, Gantz was elected
Speaker of the Knesset by a margin of 74–18, following the resignation of
Yuli Edelstein. His nomination was supported by the Likud and members of Netanyahu's right-wing coalition, which put the future of the Blue and White alliance in jeopardy.[75][76] On 29 March, Yesh Atid and Telem left Blue and White and formed a separate faction in the Knesset.[77]
On 20 April, Gantz and Netanyahu announced that an agreement on a unity government had been reached. The deal would involve both parties sharing power, with Gantz and Netanyahu
rotating the position of Prime Minister. Under the terms of the agreement, Netanyahu remained as prime minister, with Gantz serving as
Alternate Prime Minister, and the two set to exchange roles in October 2021.[78] On 7 May, Netanyahu won the support of 72 Members of the Knesset to form a government, with Rivlin giving Netanyahu a two-week mandate to form a government shortly after.[79] The parties who gave their support included Blue and White, Likud, Gesher,
Shas and
United Torah Judaism, two of the three members of the Labor Party, and
Derekh Eretz, formed by Hauser and Hendel.[80] Gantz resigned as speaker of the Knesset on 12 May as part of the coalition agreement,[81] and the new government was sworn in on 17 May, with Gantz being sworn in as Alternate Prime Minister and
Minister of Defense.[82][83]
Minister of Defense
Alternate Prime Minister
In November 2020, Gantz formed a military committee to investigate
Case 3000, a corruption case involving the purchase of
submarines.[84] the committee's members resigned in late December due to restrictions placed on the investigation by
Attorney GeneralAvichai Mandelblit, who was running a parallel investigation.[85] Gantz established a second committee in May 2021 to investigate the treatment of
Veterans, after a former soldier of the IDF
lit himself on fire in an act of protest.[86]
Despite agreeing to take part in a
Netanyahu-led coalition government in light of the
COVID-19 pandemic,[87] Gantz opposed the timeline of Netanyahu's annexation plans, he said the Israeli Prime Minister should instead put the COVID-19 pandemic first.[88] on 23 December, shortly after the expiration of a budgetary deadline, Gantz and Netanyahu's unity government collapsed, triggering
new elections in March 2021.[89]
Following the resignation of
Avi Nissenkorn as the
Minister of Justice on 30 December,[90] Gantz became the acting Minister of Justice until 1 April 2021, at which point the position became vacant.[91][92] Netanyahu nominated Member of the Knesset
Ofir Akunis for the position in a cabinet meeting on 27 April 2021. Akunis won a majority in a vote held by the cabinet, but was not confirmed to the position as the vote was ruled illegal by
Attorney GeneralAvichai Mandelblit and the
Israeli Supreme Court as it was not part of the meeting's pre-written agenda.[93][94] Gantz was subsequently approved as Minister of Justice by the cabinet in a legal vote on 28 April.[95]
In May 2021, as Defense Minister, Gantz presided over
Operation Guardian of the Walls, a military operation conducted in the
Gaza Strip. During the operation, Israel conducted around 1,500 aerial, land, and sea strikes within the territory.[96] The operation began on 10 May,[97] and ended on 21 May due to a ceasefire between Israel and
Hamas, mediated by the Egyptian government.[98]
Following the collapse of the Blue and White's alliance with Telem and Yesh Atid, the party often polled at a single digit number of seats, narrowly surpassing, or falling beneath, the
electoral threshold.[99][100][101] in addition, several members of the party, including
Minister of Foreign Affairs Gabi Ashkenazi, Minister of Justice Avi Nissenkorn,[102]Minister of Science, Technology and Space,
Yizhar Shai, and Members of the Knesset
Ram Shefa,[103]Einav Kabla,[104] and
Hila Vazan[105] either retired from politics or defected to another party, while Members of the Knesset
Miki Haimovich and
Asaf Zamir were removed from the party list by Gantz after voting against a bill meant to delay the dissolution of the Knesset.[106] in the last days of the election, Gantz ran a
Gevald campaign, arguing that Blue and White falling beneath the electoral threshold would harm Israeli democracy.[107]
Blue and White won 8 seats in the 2021 election,[108] exceeding the number of seats the party was projected to win in most polls.[109][110][111] on 5 April, Rivlin met with representatives of all elected parties.[112] Blue and White recommended Lapid for Prime Minister,[113] but Netanyahu received a larger number of recommendations, and was given a mandate by Rivlin.[114] Netanyahu failed to form a government, and his mandate expired on 4 May.[115] the next day, Rivlin gave Lapid the mandate to form a government,[116] who entered negotiations with
Naftali Bennett to form a
unity government,[117] in which Lapid and Bennett would rotate the position of Prime Minister.[118] Lapid and Bennett formed a government with
Ra'am,
Meretz, the
Labor Party,
New Hope,
Yisrael Beiteinu and Blue and White.[119] Lapid became the Alternate Prime Minister, and
Gideon Sa'ar replaced Gantz as Justice Minister. Gantz remained the Defense Minister and became a
Deputy Prime Minister.[120][91] the new government was sworn in on 13 June.[121]
Deputy Prime Minister
In October 2021, Gantz announced that six Palestinian human rights organizations
would be designated as terrorist organizations.[122] The Ministry of Defense claimed that the groups are connected to the
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) and that funding is being funneled from the groups to the PFLP.[123] As of April 2022, Israel has not publicly released any evidence of such a link.[124]
In November 2021, Gantz became the first Israeli Minister of Defense to visit Morocco, where he signed an agreement for security cooperation with the
Moroccan government.[125][126] he similarly signed a defense memorandum with the
Government of Bahrain.[127]
On 30 May 2022, following violence and racist remarks against Palestinians in the annual
Dance of Flags, Gantz called for
La Familia and
Lehava to be designated as terrorist organizations.[128]
Following the dissolution of Knesset on 29 June 2022, a
legislative election was called for 1 November.[129] On 10 July, Gantz announced an alliance with Gideon Sa'ar's with New Hope, which was initially called 'Blue and White-The New Hope'.[130] The alliance was joined by former
IDFChief of StaffGadi Eizenkot and former
Yamina MK
Matan Kahana on 14 August, at which point it was renamed the
National Unity Party.[131] The alliance won 12 seats in the election.[132] Gantz was replaced as Defense Minister by
Yoav Galant on 29 December[133] after an alliance of parties led by Netanyahu formed a
new government.[134]
2023 Israel-Hamas war and Emergency Government
On 7 October 2023, the
2023 Israel–Hamas war began following an
incursion by Hamas militants.[135] The following day, Gantz announced his willingness to temporarily join Netanyahu's government and establish a
war cabinet.[136] On 11 October, Gantz and Netanyahu announced that they had reached an agreement on the new cabinet, with Gantz joining the war cabinet and being sworn in as
minister without portfolio alongside four other members of his party. The agreement was ratified by the Knesset and went into effect on 12 October.[137]
^Sharvit, Noam (7 February 2011).
פנייה ליועץ: פסול מינוי גנץ בשל עבירות בנייה [Petition to the Attorney General: Revoke Gantz's Appointment in Light of Building Violations] (in Hebrew). NRG (Ma'ariv).
Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
^Tzuk, Dana (7 February 2011).
המטה למען א"י נגד האלוף גנץ [The Forum for the Land of Israel V. Major General Gantz] (in Hebrew). GLZ (Army Radio). Archived from
the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
^Katz, Yaakov (4 August 2011).
"IDF panel keeps God out of Yizkor prayer". The Jerusalem Post.
Archived from the original on 17 August 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2011. The IDF will retain the original wording of the Yizkor memorial prayer with 'Yizkor Am Yisrael' (May the People of Israel Remember), and not 'Yizkor Elohim' (May God Remember), a military committee tasked with ruling on the issue announced on Thursday.
^Hoffman, Gil. (16 December 2018). "Did Stormy Daniels cause Benny Gantz's Cyber Company to close shop?"
Jerusalem Post websiteArchived 14 April 2019 at the
Wayback Machine Retrieved 16 December 2018.
^"תוצאות ארציות" [National Results]. Central Election Committee for the 25th Knesset (in Hebrew).
Archived from the original on 9 November 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2023.