From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Clade of mammals
Atlantogenata is a proposed
clade of
placental mammals containing the cohorts or superorders
Xenarthra and
Afrotheria .
[1] These groups originated and radiated in the
South American and
African continents, respectively, presumably in the
Cretaceous . Together with
Boreoeutheria , they make up
Eutheria . The
monophyly of this grouping is supported by some genetic evidence.
[2]
[3]
Alternative hypotheses are that Boreoeutheria and Afrotheria combine to form
Epitheria (as generally supported by anatomical and other physiological evidence) or that Boreoeutheria and Xenarthra combine to form
Exafroplacentalia or
Notolegia .
[4]
Updated analysis of
transposable element insertions around the time of divergence strongly supports the fourth hypothesis of a near-concomitant origin (trifurcation) of the three superorders of mammals: Afrotheria, Boreoeutheria, and Xenarthra.
[5]
[6]
Below shows the phylogeny of the extant atlantogenate families.
References
^
a
b Waddell, Peter J.; Cao, Ying; Hasegawa, Masami; Mindell, David P. (1999).
"Assessing the Cretaceous Superordinal Divergence Times within Birds and Placental Mammals by Using Whole Mitochondrial Protein Sequences and an Extended Statistical Framework" .
Systematic Biology . 48 (1): 119–137.
doi :
10.1080/106351599260481 .
PMID
12078636 .
^ Waddell, Peter J.; Okada, Norohiro; Hasegawa, Masami (1999).
"Towards Resolving the Interordinal Relationships of Placental Mammals" .
Systematic Biology . 48 (1): 1–5.
doi :
10.1093/sysbio/48.1.1 .
PMID
12078634 .
^ Murphy, W.J.; Pringle, T.H.; Crider, T.A.; Springer, M.S.; Miller, W. (2007).
"Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny" .
Genome Research . 17 (4): 413–421.
doi :
10.1101/gr.5918807 .
PMC
1832088 .
PMID
17322288 .
^ Wildman, Derek E.; Chen, Caoyi; Erez, Offer; Grossman, Lawrence I.; Goodman, Morris; Romero, Roberto (2006).
"Evolution of the mammalian placenta revealed by phylogenetic analysis" .
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 103 (9): 3203–3208.
Bibcode :
2006PNAS..103.3203W .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.0511344103 .
PMC
1413940 .
PMID
16492730 .
^ Nishihara, H.; Maruyama, S.; Okada, N. (2009).
"Retroposon analysis and recent geological data suggest near-simultaneous divergence of the three superorders of mammals" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 106 (13): 5235–40.
Bibcode :
2009PNAS..106.5235N .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.0809297106 .
PMC
2655268 .
PMID
19286970 .
^ Churakov, G.; Kriegs, J. O.; Baertsch, R.; Zemann, A.; Brosius, J. R.; Schmitz, J. R. (2009).
"Mosaic retroposon insertion patterns in placental mammals" .
Genome Research . 19 (5): 868–875.
doi :
10.1101/gr.090647.108 .
PMC
2675975 .
PMID
19261842 .
Further reading
Nikolaev, Sergey; Montoya-Burgos, Juan I.; Margulies, Elliott H.; NISC Comparative Sequencing Program; Rougemont, Jacques; Nyffeler, Bruno; Antonarakis, Stylianos E. (2007).
"Early History of Mammals is Elucidated with the ENCODE Multiple Species Sequencing Data" .
PLoS Genetics . 3 (1): e2.
doi :
10.1371/journal.pgen.0030002 .
PMC
1761045 .
PMID
17206863 .
Springer, Mark S.; Murphy, William J.; Eizirik, Eduardo; O'Brien, Stephen J. (2003).
"Placental mammal diversification and the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary" .
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 100 (3): 1056–1061.
Bibcode :
2003PNAS..100.1056S .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.0334222100 .
PMC
298725 .
PMID
12552136 .
Waddell, Peter J.; Kishino, Hirohisa; Ota, Rissa (2001).
"A phylogenetic foundation for comparative mammalian genomics" .
Genome Informatics . 12 : 141–154.
PMID
11791233 . Archived from
the original on 2019-07-10. Retrieved 2015-08-27 .
Wildman, Derek E.; Chen, Caoyi; Erez, Offer; Grossman, Lawrence I.; Goodman, Morris; Romero, Roberto (2006).
"Evolution of the mammalian placenta revealed by phylogenetic analysis" .
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 103 (9): 3203–3208.
Bibcode :
2006PNAS..103.3203W .
doi :
10.1073/pnas.0511344103 .
PMC
1413940 .
PMID
16492730 .
Yinotheria
Theria
Metatheria (
Marsupial inclusive)
Eutheria (
Placental inclusive)
Xenarthra
Afrotheria
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Eulipotyphla (Hedgehogs, shrews, moles and relatives)
Chiroptera (Bats)
Pholidota (Pangolins)
Carnivora (Dogs, cats and relatives)
Perissodactyla (Horses, rhinoceroses and tapirs)
Artiodactyla (Pigs, camels, hippos, deer, buffalo, gazelles, giraffes, whales and dolphins)
Euarchontoglires
Rodentia (Rats, guinea pigs, squirrels, beavers, chinchillas, porcupines, capybaras and relatives)
Lagomorpha (Rabbits, hares and pikas)
Scandentia (Treeshrews)
Dermoptera (Colugos)
Primates (lorises, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, humans)