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Genus of fishes
Aspidoras is a
genus of
catfishes of the
family
Callichthyidae from Brazil.
Taxonomy
The type species for this genus is
Aspidoras rochai . The name Aspidoras is derived from the
Greek aspis (shield) and dora (skin).
[1]
Aspidoras is easily distinguished from the other genera of the subfamily
Corydoradinae by the presence of a
supraoccipital
fontanel ; this character is an
autapomorphy for the genus.
[2] Many of the species of Aspidoras are similar and often hard to distinguish. Without specimens, it is often very difficult to positively identify a species from photographs alone. They are all small species.
[2] A. taurus is exceptional in that it just surpasses 5 cm in length.
[3]
The
monophyly of the genus has been demonstrated.
[4]
Species
There are currently 18 recognized species in this genus:
Aspidoras albater
Nijssen &
Isbrücker , 1976
[5] (False macropterus)
Aspidoras aldebaran
Tencatt ,
M. R. Britto ,
Isbrücker &
Pavanelli , 2022
[6]
Aspidoras azaghal
Tencatt ,
Muriel-Cunha ,
Zuanon ,
Ferreira &
Britto , 2020
[7]
Aspidoras belenos
M. R. Britto , 1998
[8]
Aspidoras brunneus
Nijssen &
Isbrücker , 1976
Aspidoras carvalhoi
Nijssen &
Isbrücker , 1976
Aspidoras depinnai
M. R. Britto , 2000
[9]
Aspidoras fuscoguttatus
Nijssen &
Isbrücker , 1976
Aspidoras gabrieli
Wosiacki ,
T. G. Pereira &
R. E. dos Reis , 2014
[10]
Aspidoras kiriri
Oliveira ,
Zanata ,
Tencatt &
M. R. Britto
[11]
Aspidoras lakoi
P. Miranda-Ribeiro , 1949
[12]
Aspidoras maculosus
Nijssen &
Isbrücker , 1976
Aspidoras mephisto Tencatt & Bichuette, 2017
[13]
Aspidoras poecilus
Nijssen &
Isbrücker , 1976
Aspidoras psammatides
M. R. Britto ,
F. C. T. Lima &
A. C. A. Santos , 2005
[14]
Aspidoras raimundi
Nijssen &
Isbrücker , 1976
Aspidoras rochai
R. Ihering , 1907
[15]
Aspidoras velites
M. R. Britto ,
F. C. T. Lima &
C. L. R. Moreira , 2002
[16]
Distribution
Aspidoras species are
endemic to small and shallow streams draining the
Brazilian Shield .
[3] The species of Aspidoras are distributed in eastern and central Brazil.
[17] Most species are narrowly endemic, occurring in restricted areas of some major river drainages: A. fuscoguttatus and A. lakoi from the
Paraná River system. A. albater , A. eurycephalus and A. gabrieli from the
Tocantins River system. A. brunneus , A. marianae and A. microgalaeus from the
Xingu River system. A. belenos , A. pauciradiatus and A. velites from
Araguaia River system. A. rochai from rivers around
Fortaleza . A. raimundi from the
Parnaíba River . A. carvalhoi from rivers around
Guaramiranga , Ceará State. A. maculosus from the
Itapicuru River . A. menezesi from the
Jaguaribe River . A. spilotus from the
Acaráu River . A. poecilus from the
Xingu River ,
Araguaia River , and
Tocantins River systems. A. psammatides from the
Paraguaçu River . A. virgulatus from the coastal rivers in
Espírito Santo . A. depinnai is from the
Ipojuca River basin,
Pernambuco State .
[2] A. taurus is known from the upper
Itiquira River and upper
Taquari River , both tributaries of the
Paraguay River ,
Mato Grosso State, Brazil.
[3]
In the aquarium
Aspidoras do fairly well in aquaria under similar conditions as for most Corydoras species. The water conditions that seem best are a
pH of 6.8 to 7.0 and a temperature of about 22 °C to 26 °C. The species that is most likely to be found in an aquarium is the sixray corydoras ,
Aspidoras pauciradiatus .
References
^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015).
Species of Aspidoras in
FishBase . April 2015 version.
^
a
b
c Britto, M.R. (2000). "Aspidoras depinnai (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae): A New Species from Northeastern Brazil".
Copeia . 2000 (4): 1048–1055.
doi :
10.1643/0045-8511(2000)000[1048:adscan]2.0.co;2 .
S2CID
54754393 .
^
a
b
c Lima, F.C.T. & Britto, M.R. (2001). "New Catfish of the Genus Aspidoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the Upper Rio Paraguai System in Brazil".
Copeia . 2001 (4): 1010–1016.
doi :
10.1643/0045-8511(2001)001[1010:ncotga]2.0.co;2 .
S2CID
86690111 .
^ Britto, M.R. (2003).
"Phylogeny of the subfamily Corydoradinae Hoedeman, 1952 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae), with a definition of its genera" (PDF) . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia . 153 : 119–154.
doi :
10.1635/0097-3157(2003)153[0119:potsch]2.0.co;2 .
S2CID
85655845 . Archived from
the original (PDF) on 2007-09-28.
^ Nijssen, H; Isbrücker, IJH (1976).
"The South American plated catfish genus Aspidoras R. von Ihering, 1907, with descriptions of nine new species from Brazil (Pices, Siluriformes, Callichthyidae)" . Bijdr. Dierkd . 46 (1): 107–31.
doi :
10.1163/26660644-04601006 .
^ Tencatt, Luiz Fernando Caserta; Britto, Marcelo R.; Isbrücker, Isaäc Jan Hendrik; Pavanelli, Carla Simone (14 October 2022).
"Taxonomy of the armored catfish genus Aspidoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) revisited, with the description of a new species" . Neotropical Ichthyology . 20 (3).
doi :
10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0040 .
S2CID
252980979 . Retrieved 9 February 2023 .
^ Tencatt, Luiz F. C.; Muriel‐Cunha, Janice; Zuanon, Jansen; Ferreira, Marlon F. C.; Britto, Marcelo R. (October 2020).
"A journey through the Amazon Middle Earth reveals Aspidoras azaghal (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae), a new species of armoured catfish from the rio Xingu basin, Brazil" . Journal of Fish Biology . 97 (4): 1072–1086.
doi :
10.1111/jfb.14467 .
PMID
32672364 .
S2CID
220584976 . Retrieved 9 February 2023 .
^ Britto, MR (1998). "Two new species of the genus Aspidoras (Siluriformes : Callichthyidae) from Central Brazil". Ichthyol Explor Freshw . 8 (4): 359–68.
^ Britto, Marcelo R. (2000).
"Aspidoras depinnai (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae): A New Species from Northeastern Brazil" . Copeia . 2000 (4): 1048–1055.
doi :
10.1643/0045-8511(2000)000[1048:ADSCAN]2.0.CO;2 .
JSTOR
1448015 .
S2CID
54754393 .
^ Wosiacki W.B.; Pereira T.d.G.; Reis R.E. (2014). "Description of a New Species of Aspidoras (Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) from the Serra dos Carajás, Lower Tocantins River Basin, Brazil". Copeia . 2014 (2): 309–316.
doi :
10.1643/ci-13-091 .
S2CID
84670754 .
^ Oliveira, Lívia M. A.; Zanata, Angela M.; Tencatt, Luiz F. C.; Britto, Marcelo R. (30 March 2017).
"A new species of Aspidoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from a small coastal drainage in northeastern Brazil" . Neotropical Ichthyology . 15 .
doi :
10.1590/1982-0224-20160118 . Retrieved 9 February 2023 .
^ Miranda-Ribeiro, P (1949). "Duas novas espécies de peixes na coleção ictiológica do Museu Nacional (Pisces, Callichthyidae et Pygidiidae)". Rev Bras Biol . 9 (2): 143–45.
^ Caserta Tencatt; L.F.; and M. Elina Bichuette (2017). Aspidoras mephisto, new species: The first troglobitic Callichthyidae (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from South America. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0171309.
^ Britto, Marcelo R.; Lima, Flávio C. T.; Santos, Alexandre C. A. (December 2005).
"A new Aspidoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from rio Paraguaçu basin, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil" . Neotropical Ichthyology . 3 (4): 473–479.
doi :
10.1590/S1679-62252005000400004 .
^ Ihering, R (1907). "Diversas espécies novas de peixes nemathognathas do Brasil". Notas Preliminares. Rev Mus Paul . 1 (1): 13–39.
^ Britto, MR; Lima, FCT; Moreira, CR (2002).
"Aspidoras velites, a new catfish from the upper Rio Araguaia basin, Brazil (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Callichthyidae)" . Proc Biol Soc Wash . 115 (4): 727–36. Retrieved 9 February 2023 .
^ Reis, R.E. (1997).
"Aspidoras" .
Tree of Life Web Project .