From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Genus of orchids
The genus Arachnis , abbreviated as Arach in horticultural trade, (common name scorpion orchid ,
[2]
[3] ) is a member of the
orchid family (Orchidaceae), consisting of more than 20 species native to
China ,
India ,
Southeast Asia ,
Indonesia , the
Philippines ,
New Guinea , and the
Solomon Islands .
[4]
[5]
Description
Vegetative characteristics
The appearance of the monopodial, epiphytic herbs of the genus Arachnis is characterized by distichously arranged, linear leaves.
[6] The vining plants may grow into a dense thicket.
[7] Arachnis does not produce pseudobulbs.
[8]
Generative characteristics
The flowers are thought to resemble spiders,
[8] and they are fragrant.
[6]
[8] The fragrance has been described as musky.
[8]
Arachnis labrosa growing epiphytically on a tree
Detail of Arachnis labrosa flower
Botanical illustration of Arachnis clarkei
Detail of Arachnis cathcartii flower
Detail of Arachnis flos-aeris flower
Botanical illustration of Arachnis annamensis
Etymology
The generic epithet Arachnis is derived from the Greek word arachne for spider.
[9]
Ecology
Habitat
Arachnis senapatiana has been found growing in subtropical broad-leaved forests at elevations of 1747 m above sea level.
[6]
Flowering
Arachnis senapatiana is known to flower in June.
[6]
Taxonomy
Accepted species
There are currently 16 accepted species, including one natural hybrid:
[1]
Species formerly placed in Arachnis
Arachnis beccarii Rchb.f. is now considered to be
Dimorphorchis beccarii (Rchb.f.) Kocyan & Schuit.
[10]
Arachnis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) J.J.Sm. is now considered to be
Dimorphorchis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit.
[11]
Arachnis celebica (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. is now considered to be
Dimorphorchis celebica (Schltr.) Ormerod
[12]
Arachnis imthurnii (Rolfe) L.O.Williams is now considered to be Dimorphorchis beccarii var. imthurnii (Rolfe) Kocyan & Schuit.
[13]
Arachnis longicaulis (Schltr.) L.O.Williams is now considered to be Dimorphorchis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit.
[11]
Arachnis lowii (Lindl.) Rchb.f. is now considered to be
Dimorphorchis lowii (Lindl.) Rolfe
[14]
Arachnis lyonii Ames is now considered to be
Dimorphorchis lyonii (Ames) Ormerod
[15]
Arachnis muelleri (Kraenzl.) J.J.Sm. is now considered to be Dimorphorchis beccarii var. beccarii
[16]
Arachnis philippinensis (Lindl.) Ames is now considered to be
Trichoglottis philippinensis Lindl.
[17]
Arachnis rohaniana (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. is now considered to be
Dimorphorchis rohaniana (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb
[18]
Arachnis beccarii var. imthurnii (Rolfe) K.W.Tan is now considered to be Dimorphorchis beccarii var. imthurnii (Rolfe) Kocyan & Schuit.
[19]
Arachnis longicaulis f. flavescens Valmayor & D.Tiu is now considered to be Dimorphorchis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit.
[11]
Conservation
Arachnis has become extinct in
Nansei-shoto .
[1]
Horticulture
It can be cultivated under warm and moist conditions growing in pots, baskets, or mounted on slabs.
[7]
References
^
a
b
c
"Arachnis Blume" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^ Beard, James Daniel (2015).
"A Translator's Vietnamese English Dictionary of Plant Names" (PDF) . monash.edu.au. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016 .
^ Yearron, Sydney H.
"Scientific or Latin Names to English Common Name" (PDF) . The Canadian Orchid Congress. Retrieved 21 December 2016 .
^
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^
Flora of China, v25 p 465, 蜘蛛兰属 zhi zhu lan shu , Arachnis
^
a
b
c
d Jakha, H. Y., Deb, C. R., Dey, S., & Jamir, N. S. (2014).
"Arachnis senapatiana (Phukan & AA Mao) Kocyan & Schuiteman (Orchidaceae): an addition to the flora of Nagaland, India." Pleione, 8(2), 516-518.
^
a
b Rach, N. (n.d.). Arachnis Blume 1825. American Orchid Society. Retrieved January 6, 2023, from
https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchids-a-to-z/letter-a/arachnis.aspx
^
a
b
c
d Tan, K. W. (1974).
"Taxonomy of Arachnis , Armodorum , Esmeralda and Dimorphorchis (Orchidaceae)." University of Miami.
^ Teoh, E.S. (2021). Arachnis Bl.. In: Orchid Species from Himalaya and Southeast Asia Vol. 1 (A - E). Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58872-4_15
^
"Dimorphorchis beccarii (Rchb.f.) Kocyan & Schuit" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
a
b
c
"Dimorphorchis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Dimorphorchis celebica (Schltr.) Ormerod" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Dimorphorchis beccarii var. imthurnii (Rolfe) Kocyan & Schuit" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Dimorphorchis lowii (Lindl.) Rolfe" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Dimorphorchis lyonii (Ames) Ormerod" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Dimorphorchis beccarii var. beccarii " .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Trichoglottis philippinensis Lindl" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Dimorphorchis rohaniana (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
^
"Dimorphorchis beccarii var. imthurnii (Rolfe) Kocyan & Schuit" .
Plants of the World Online .
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022 .
External links