Austrian archduke (1833–1896)
Archduke Karl Ludwig Josef Maria of Austria (30 July 1833 – 19 May 1896) was the younger brother of both
Franz Joseph I of Austria and
Maximilian I of Mexico , and the father of
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (1863–1914), whose
assassination ignited
World War I .
[1] His grandson was the last emperor of Austria,
Charles I .
Biography
An 1848 portrait of Karl Ludwig by
Anton Einsle .
He was born at
Schönbrunn Palace in
Vienna , the son of
Archduke Franz Karl of Austria (1802–1878) and his wife
Princess Sophie of Bavaria (1805–1872).
His mother ensured he was raised a devout Roman Catholic by the Vienna Prince-archbishop
Joseph Othmar Rauscher , a conviction that evolved into religious mania in his later years.
Though not interested in politics, the 20 year-old joined the
Galician government of Count
Agenor Romuald Gołuchowski and in 1855 accepted his appointment as
Tyrolean stadtholder in
Innsbruck , where he took his residence at
Ambras Castle . However, he found his authority to exert power restricted by the Austrian cabinet of his cousin
Archduke Rainer Ferdinand and
Baron Alexander von Bach . He finally laid down the office upon the issue of the 1861
February Patent for a life as
patron of the arts and sciences.
As the eldest surviving brother of the Emperor, Karl Ludwig, after the death of his nephew Crown Prince
Rudolf of Austria in 1889, became
heir presumptive to the
Austro-Hungarian Empire . A newspaper article appeared shortly after the death of his nephew claiming that the Archduke had renounced his succession rights in favor of his eldest son
Franz Ferdinand .
[2] This rumor proved to be false.
[3] [
failed verification ]
Marriage and family
Princess Margaretha of Saxony
Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Archduchess of Austria
Karl Ludwig and his third wife, Maria Teresa of Portugal
Karl Ludwig married three times.
His first wife, whom he married on 4 November 1856 at
Dresden , was his first cousin
Margaretha of Saxony (1840–1858), the daughter of
Johann of Saxony (1801–1873) and
Amalie Auguste of Bavaria (1801–1877). She died on 15 September 1858 and they had no children.[
citation needed ]
His second wife, whom he married by proxy on 16 October 1862 at
Rome , and in person on 21 October 1862 at
Venice , was
Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1843–1871), daughter of
Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies (1810–1859) and
Maria Theresa of Austria (1816–1867).[
citation needed ]
They had four children:
Maria Annunciata died on 4 May 1871.[
citation needed ]
His third wife, whom he married on 23 July 1873 at
Kleinheubach , was
Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal (1855–1944), daughter of
Miguel I of Portugal (1802–1866) and
Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1831–1909).[
citation needed ]
They had two daughters:
Death
Karl Ludwig died of typhoid at Schönbrunn in Vienna after returning from a journey to
Palestine and
Egypt , allegedly after the consumption of contaminated
Jordan waters.
His widow Maria Teresa died on 12 February 1944.[
better source needed ]
Honours and awards
Austrian orders and decorations
[4]
Foreign orders and decorations
[4]
Baden : Knight of the
House Order of Fidelity , 1873
[7]
Kingdom of Bavaria :
Knight of St. Hubert , 1853
[8]
Belgium : Grand Cordon of the
Order of Leopold , 20 May 1853 – wedding gift
[9]
Empire of Brazil :
Grand Cross of the Southern Cross
Duchy of Brunswick :
Grand Cross of Henry the Lion
Denmark :
Knight of the Elephant , 21 July 1890
[10]
Ernestine duchies : Grand Cross of the
Saxe-Ernestine House Order , May 1857
[11]
French Empire :
Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
Kingdom of Greece :
Grand Cross of the Redeemer
Grand Duchy of Hesse : Grand Cross of the
Ludwig Order , 13 August 1851
[12]
Kingdom of Italy :
Knight of the Annunciation , 21 September 1873
[13]
Holy See : Grand Cross of the
Order of Pope Pius IX
Sovereign Military Order of Malta : Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion
Mexican Empire :
Grand Cross of the Mexican Eagle
Nassau Ducal Family :
Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau
Netherlands :
Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
Ottoman Empire :
Order of Osmanieh , 1st Class in Diamonds
Persian Empire : Order of the August Portrait, in Diamonds
Kingdom of Portugal :
Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword
Kingdom of Prussia :
Kingdom of Romania :
Grand Cross of the Star of Romania
Russian Empire :
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach :
Grand Cross of the White Falcon , 1885
[15]
Kingdom of Saxony :
Knight of the Rue Crown
Principality of Serbia :
Grand Cross of the Cross of Takovo
Siam :
Grand Cross of the Crown of Siam , in Diamonds
Spain : Grand Cross of the
Order of Charles III , with Collar, 15 April 1888
[16]
Sweden-Norway :
Knight of the Seraphim , 7 January 1870
[17]
Württemberg :
Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown , 1867
[18]
Ancestry
Ancestors of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria
See also
References
^ "Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 29. Detroit: Gale, 2009. Gale Biography In Context. Web. 18 May 2012.
^
"The Crown Prince's Successor" .
The New York Times . 1889-02-02.
^
"Austria's Insecurity" (PDF) . The New York Times . 1896-06-16.
^
a
b
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie (1896), Genealogy p. 2
^ Boettger, T. F.
"Chevaliers de la Toisón d'Or - Knights of the Golden Fleece" . La Confrérie Amicale . Retrieved 25 June 2019 .
^
"A Szent István Rend tagjai"
Archived 22 December 2010 at the
Wayback Machine
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1876), "Großherzogliche Orden",
p. 59
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern (1873), "Königliche-Orden"
p. 9
^ H. Tarlier (1854). Almanach royal officiel, publié, exécution d'un arrête du roi (in French). Vol. 1. p.
37 .
^ Jørgen Pedersen (2009).
Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 472.
ISBN
978-87-7674-434-2 .
^ Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg (1869), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden"
p. 21
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen (1883), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen",
p. 12
^ Italia : Ministero dell'interno (1884).
Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia . Unione tipografico-editrice. p.
47 .
^
a
b
"Königlich Preussische Ordensliste" , Preussische Ordens-Liste (in German), 1 , Berlin:
5 ,
935 , 1886 – via hathitrust.org
^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1891), "Großherzogliche Hausorden"
p. 16
^
"Real y distinguida orden de Carlos III" , Guóa Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1895, p. 167, retrieved 4 July 2021
^
Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1877, p. 368, retrieved 2018-01-06 – via runeberg.org
^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1894), "Königliche Orden"
p. 27
^
a
b
Wurzbach, Constantin von , ed. (1860).
"Habsburg, Franz Karl Joseph" .
Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire ] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 257 – via
Wikisource .
^
a
b
Wurzbach, Constantin von , ed. (1861).
"Habsburg, Sophie (geb. 27. Jänner 1805)" .
Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire ] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 149 – via
Wikisource .
^
a
b
Wurzbach, Constantin von , ed. (1860).
"Habsburg, Franz I." .
Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire ] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 208 – via
Wikisource .
^
a
b
Wurzbach, Constantin von , ed. (1861).
"Habsburg, Maria Theresia von Neapel" .
Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire ] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 81 – via
Wikisource .
^
a
b
Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living ] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 94.
^
a
b
"Karoline Friederike Wilhelmine Königin von Bayern" . Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte [House of Bavarian History] (in German). Bavarian Ministry of State for Wissenschaft and Kunst. Archived from
the original on 1 December 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2018 .
External links
Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919.
1st generation 2nd generation 3rd generation 4th generation 5th generation 6th generation 7th generation 8th generation 9th generation 11th generation 12th generation 13th generation 14th generation 15th generation 16th generation
Habsburg Tuscany Palatines of Hungary
17th generation
Descent of Charles I Tuscany Palatines
18th generation
19th generation
S: also an infante of Spain
P: also an infante of Portugal
T: also a prince of Tuscany
M: also a prince of Modena
B: also a prince of Belgium
International National People