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Appomattox Campaign Confederate order of battle)
The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the final military encounter of the American Civil War, the 1865 Appomattox campaign, which lasted from March 29 to April 9 and resulted in Confederate surrender on April 9 at the Appomattox Court House. Order of battle has been compiled from the army organization during the campaign. [1] [2] The Union order of battle is listed separately.
Abbreviations used
Military rank
- Gen = General
- LTG = Lieutenant General
- MG = Major General
- BG = Brigadier General
- Col = Colonel
- Ltc = Lieutenant Colonel
- Maj = Major
- Cpt = Captain
- Lt = Lieutenant
- Sgt = Sergeant
Other
- (w) = wounded
- (mw) = mortally wounded
- (k) = killed in action
- (c) = captured
Army of Northern Virginia
Gen
Robert E. Lee, Commanding
Staff:
- Chief of staff: Ltc Walter H. Taylor
- Assistant adjutants general: Col Charles S. Venable, Col Charles Marshall
- Assistant Inspector General: Maj Giles B. Cooke
- Chief of artillery: BG William N. Pendleton
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
Headquarters units |
Escort |
|
| Provost Guard
|
| |
| Engineers
|
|
First Corps
LTG
James Longstreet
Staff:
- Corps medical director: Surgeon John Cullen
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
Pickett's Division |
Steuart's Brigade |
|
| Corse's Brigade
|
| |
| Hunton's Brigade
|
| |
| Terry's Brigade
|
| |
|
Field's Division |
Perry's Brigade |
|
| Anderson's Brigade |
| |
| Benning's Brigade |
| |
|
Gregg's Brigade
|
| |
| Bratton's Brigade
|
| |
|
Kershaw's Division [3]
|
DuBose's Brigade
|
|
| Humphrey's Brigade
|
| |
| Simms' Brigade
|
| |
|
Artillery |
Cabell's Battalion
[4]
|
|
| Huger's Battalion
|
| |
| Haskell's Battalion
|
|
Second Corps
MG
John B. Gordon
Staff:
- Assistant adjutant general: Maj Robert W. Hunter
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
Formerly Ramseur's Division
|
Battle's Brigade
|
|
| Grimes' Brigade
|
| |
| Cox's Brigade |
| |
| Cook's Brigade
|
| |
| Archer's Battalion
[5]
|
| |
|
Formerly J. Pegram's Division |
R.D. Johnston's Brigade
|
|
| Lewis' Brigade
|
| |
| Walker's Brigade
|
| |
|
Gordon's Division |
Evans' Brigade
|
|
| Terry's Brigade
|
| |
| York's Brigade
|
| |
|
Artillery |
Nelson's Battalion
[4]
|
|
| Braxton's Battalion |
| |
| Cutshaw's Battalion
|
| |
| Hardaway's Battalion |
| |
| Johnson's Battalion
|
| |
| Lightfoot's Battalion
|
| |
| Stark's Battalion
|
|
Third Corps
LTG A. P. Hill (k, April 2) [6]
Provost Guard
- 5th Alabama Battalion: Cpt Wade Ritter
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
Mahone's Division |
Forney's Brigade |
|
| Weisiger's Brigade |
| |
| Harris' Brigade |
| |
| Sorrel's Brigade
|
| |
|
Finegan's Brigade
|
| |
|
Heth's Division
|
Davis' Brigade |
|
| Cooke's Brigade |
| |
| MacRae's Brigade |
| |
| McComb's Brigade |
| |
|
Wilcox's Division |
Thomas' Brigade |
|
| Lane's Brigade |
| |
| McGowan's Brigade |
| |
| Scales' Brigade
|
| |
|
Artillery |
McIntosh's Battalion
|
|
| Pegram's Battalion
|
| |
| Poague's Battalion |
| |
| Thirteenth Virginia Battalion
|
| |
| Richardson's Battalion
|
| |
| Lane's Battalion
[4]
|
| |
| Washington Artillery
|
|
Fourth Corps
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
Johnson's Division |
Wallace's Brigade |
|
| Moody's Brigade
|
| |
| Wise's Brigade |
| |
| Ransom's Brigade |
| |
|
Artillery
|
Coit's Battalion
|
|
| Blount's Battalion
|
| |
| Stribling's Battalion |
| |
| Smith's Battalion
|
| |
| Sturdivant's Battalion
[4]
|
|
Cavalry Corps
MG Fitzhugh Lee
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
Fitzhugh Lee's Division |
Munford's Brigade |
|
| Payne's Brigade
|
| |
| Gary's Brigade |
| |
|
W. H. F. Lee's Division |
Barringer's Brigade
|
|
| Beale's Brigade
|
||
| Robert's Brigade |
| |
|
Rosser's Division |
Dearing's Brigade
|
|
| McCausland's Brigade | ||
|
Horse Artillery
|
Breathed's Battalion
|
|
| Chew's Battalion |
|
Department of Richmond
LTG
Richard S. Ewell (c, April 6)
Ltc Thomas J. Spencer
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
G. W. C. Lee's Division
|
Barton's Brigade
|
|
| Moore's Brigade |
| |
| Artillery Brigade
|
| |
|
Other units |
Drewry's Bluff garrison
|
|
| Naval Brigade
|
| |
| Unattached units |
|
Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia
| Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
|---|---|---|
|
First Military District |
Petersburg
|
|
| Unattached units |
|
Notes
- ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XLVI, Part 1, pages 1267-1276
- ^ Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the campaign.
- ^ During the retreat Kershaw's and G. W. C. Lee's divisions, with other troops from the defenses of Richmond, were commanded by Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell.
- ^ a b c d This artillery battalion were shown on the Army of Northern Virginia returns for March 31, but do not enumerated on the Appomattox paroles.
- ^ Temporarily attached during the retreat.
- ^ The Corps was attached to the First Corps on April 2, after the death of General Hill.
- ^ Marvel, p. 226.
- ^ Relieved of command, April 8. Johnson's Division was reassigned to the Second Corps on April 8.
- ^ Relieved of command, April 8.
- ^ by Pvt. David D. White, 37th Massachusetts Infantry or Pvt. Harris Hawthorn, 121st New York Infantry
- ^ Apparently did not accompany his command on the retreat
- ^ Marvel, p. 195.
References
- U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
- National Park Service: Appomattox Court House (Confederate order of battle).
- Calkins, Chris. The Appomattox Campaign: March 29 – April 9, 1865. Conshohocken, Pennsylvania: Combined Books, 1997. ISBN 0-938289-54-3.
- Marvel, William. Lee's Last Retreat: The Flight to Appomattox. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. ISBN 978-0-8078-5703-8.