For the similarly named Italian painter Antonio Solario, see
Antonio Solario. For similarly named Italian painters also called Andrea di Bartolo, see
Bartolo.
Andrea Solari (also Solario) (1460–1524) was an Italian
Renaissancepainter of the Milanese school. He was initially named Andre del Gobbo, but more confusingly as Andrea del Bartolo[1]
a name shared with two other Italian painters, the 14th-century
SienneseAndrea di Bartolo, and the 15th-century
FlorentineAndrea di Bartolo.
Solario was born in Milan. He was one of the most important followers of
Leonardo da Vinci, and brother of
Cristoforo Solari, who gave him his first training whilst employed extensively on work at the
Milan cathedral, and at the
Certosa di Pavia.[2] In 1490 he accompanied his brother to
Venice, where he seems to have been strongly influenced by
Antonello da Messina, who was then active in the city. The fine portrait of a Venetian Senator (currently at the
National Gallery of London) displayed Antonello's plastic conception of form and was probably painted about 1492. The two brothers returned to Milan in 1493. The Ecce Homo at the
Poldi-Pezzoli Museum, notable for its strong modelling, may have been painted soon after his arrival.[3]
Solari's earliest dated work is a Holy Family and St. Jerome with a fine landscape background, executed at
Murano in 1495 and now in the
Brera Gallery. The original work influenced
Correggio's painting,
The Holy Family with Saint Jerome in 1515. The Leonardesque type of the Madonna proves that Andrea after his return from Venice, became strongly influenced by the great
Florentine artist, who was then carrying everything before him. To this period of Andrea belong a small Crucifixion (1503, at the Louvre) and the portrait of
Charles d'Amboise (Louvre); the portrait of Giovanni Longoni (1505, National Gallery of London); the Annunciation (1506,
Fitzwilliam Museum,
Cambridge); and the Madonna with the Green Cushion (Louvre), for which a sensitive drawing of the Virgin's head is in the
Biblioteca Ambrosiana at Milan; and the Head of the Baptist in a silver charger (1507, Louvre).
In 1507 Andrea Solari went to France with letters of introduction to the Cardinal of
Amboise, and was employed for two years on frescoes in the chapel of his castle of
Gaillon in Normandy.[4] According to
Giovanni Morelli's suggestion,[5] the artist may have visited
Flanders before returning to his native country, and this may account for the Flemish character of his later work.
The artist was back in Italy in 1515, the date of the Flight into Egypt (
Poldi-Pezzoli Collection) with its harmonious and detailed landscape background. To this period belong the Procession to Calvary (
Borghese Gallery,
Rome); the portrait of the Chancellor Domenico Morone (Palazzo Scotti, Milan); and the Woman playing a guitar (at the
National Gallery of Ancient Art, Rome).
Andrea's last work was an altarpiece representing The Assumption of the Virgin for the
Certosa di Pavia, left unfinished at his death and completed by
Bernardino Campi about 1576.[6]
Leonardo da Vinci, Master Draftsman, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Solari (see index)