| Anairetes | |
|---|---|
| |
| Tufted tit-tyrant (Anairetes parulus) | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tyrannidae |
| Genus: |
Anairetes Reichenbach, 1850 |
| Type species | |
|
Muscicapa parulus
[1] von Kittlitz, 1830
| |
| Species | |
|
6, see text | |
Anairetes is a genus containing the tit-tyrants, a group of small, mainly Andean birds, in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. The group briefly included the genus Uromyias, which had been recognized based on syringeal and plumage characters, including a flatter crest and a longer tail, but was included within Anairetes due to genetic analysis. [2] [3] Recent analyses suggested splitting into Uromyias again. [4] Anairetes is believed to be most closely related to the genera Mecocerculus and Serpophaga; however, there is no definitive evidence supporting this claim. [5]
They are fairly small birds (11–14 cm) that get their common name from the tit family, due to their energetic tit-like dispositions and appearance, primarily in their crests. [2] Species in this genus live in temperate or arid scrub habitats and are mainly found in the Andes mountains. [2] It is one of only a few genera of small flycatchers that occur at such high altitudes. [6]
Species
The genus contains 6 species: [7]
| Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) |
Anairetes alpinus | Ash-breasted tit-tyrant | Bolivia and Peru. |
 |
Anairetes nigrocristatus | Black-crested tit-tyrant | Ecuador and Peru. |
.jpg) |
Anairetes reguloides | Pied-crested tit-tyrant | coastal Peru and far northern Chile. |
 |
Anairetes flavirostris | Yellow-billed tit-tyrant | Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru |
| Anairetes fernandezianus | Juan Fernández tit-tyrant | Juan Fernández Islands in the South Pacific Ocean off Chile. | |
|
|
Anairetes parulus | Tufted tit-tyrant | Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile. |
References
- ^ "Tyrannidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
- ^ a b c del Hoyo 2004, p. 177
- ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., C. D. Cadena, A. Jaramillo, M. Nores, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, T. S. Schulenberg, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, & K. J. Zimmer. 2007. A classification of the bird species of South America. Archived 2009-03-02 at the Wayback Machine American Ornithologists' Union. Accessed 12 December 2007.
- ^ DuBay, S.G., Witt, C.C. 2012. An improved phylogeny of the Andean tit-tyrants (Aves, Tyrannidae): More characters trump sophisticated analyses. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 64, 285-296.
- ^ del Hoyo 2004, p. 176
- ^ del Hoyo 2004, p. 190
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Tyrant flycatchers". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
Cited texts
- del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David, eds. (2004). "Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails". Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 9. Barcelona: Lynx Editions.
See also
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