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Aihui_District Latitude and Longitude:
50°14′28″N 127°29′36″E / 50.24111°N 127.49333°E / 50.24111; 127.49333
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Aihui
爱辉区
District
Aihui is located in Heilongjiang
Aihui
Aihui
Location in Heilongjiang
Coordinates: 50°14′28″N 127°29′36″E / 50.24111°N 127.49333°E / 50.24111; 127.49333
CountryChina
Province Heilongjiang
Prefecture-level city Heihe
Township-level divisions
  • 9 subdistricts
  • 8 towns
  • 1 township
  • 1 ethnic township
District seat Huayuan Subdistrict
Area
 • Total1,443 km2 (557 sq mi)
Elevation
134 m (440 ft)
Population
 (2020 census) [1]
 • Total223,832
 • Density160/km2 (400/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+8 ( China Standard)
Postal code
164300
Area code0456
Website www.aihui.gov.cn

Aihui District ( simplified Chinese: 爱辉区; traditional Chinese: 愛輝區; pinyin: Àihuī Qū) is an administrative district and the seat of the prefecture-level city of Heihe, Heilongjiang Province, China. It is located on the right (south-western) bank of the Amur River, across which is Blagoveshchensk, Amur Oblast, Russia. Aihui District spans an area of 1,443 km2 (557 sq mi), and had a population of 192,764 as of 2000. [2]

Names

Aihui has undergone a number of name changes throughout its history, including Aihui ( simplified Chinese: 瑷珲; traditional Chinese: 璦琿; pinyin: Àihuī), Aihun ( simplified Chinese: 艾浑; traditional Chinese: 艾渾; pinyin: Àihún), Aihu ( simplified Chinese: 艾浒; traditional Chinese: 艾滸; pinyin: Àihǔ), and Aihu ( simplified Chinese: 爱呼; traditional Chinese: 愛呼; pinyin: Àihū). [2] Most recently, in 1956, the area's Chinese characters were changed from Aihui ( simplified Chinese: 瑷珲; traditional Chinese: 璦琿; pinyin: Àihuī) to the present Aihui ( simplified Chinese: 爱辉; traditional Chinese: 愛輝; pinyin: Àihuī), due to the uncommon nature of the former name's characters. [2]

History

Main article: Aigun

The area of present-day Aihui has been occupied on-and-off by various Chinese dynasties dating back to the Tang dynasty. [2]

Qing dynasty

To fend off military Russian military forces invading the area, Qing dynasty forces were stationed in present-day Aihui in 1683. [2]

In 1685, the city of Aihui ( simplified Chinese: 瑷珲; traditional Chinese: 璦琿; pinyin: Àihuī) was built on orders from the Yamen of Heilongjiang. [2] In the subsequent two centuries since its founding, Aihui served as one of the most important towns of Northern Manchuria.[ citation needed]

Following the Boxer Rebellion the city was briefly occupied by Russia, until 1906, when it was returned to the Qing dynasty. [2]

Republic of China

In 1913, Aihui incorporated as Aihui County ( simplified Chinese: 瑷珲县; traditional Chinese: 璦琿縣; pinyin: Àihuī Xiàn). [2]

From December 1934 to 1945, the city was ruled by the Japanese puppet-state of Manchukuo. [2]

On December 11, 1956, was renamed Aihui County ( simplified Chinese: 爱辉县; traditional Chinese: 愛輝縣, pronunciation unchanged). [2] On November 15, 1980, Heihe City was created, and on June 6, 1983, Aihui County was abolished, being merged into the Heihe City. [3]

To further complicate the situation, in 1993 the former Heihe City (a county-level administrative unit) was reorganized into Aihui District (also a county-level unit), while the former Heihe Prefecture (黑河地区) became Heihe Prefecture-level City (which consists of Aihui District and a number of counties). [3] This administrative division has been in effect ever since.

Geography

The Fabiela River [ zh] and the Gongbiela River [ zh] both run through the district. [4] Much of the district is forested, particularly in the west. [4] The primary trees of Aihui District are larch, red pine, poplar, and birch. [4]

The district shares a 184.3 kilometres (114.5 mi) border with Russia, and faces the Russian city of Blagoveshchensk. [5]

Administrative divisions

Aihui is divided into 4 subdistricts, 3 towns, 5 townships, 3 ethnic townships, and 23 other township-level divisions. [2] [6]

The district's four subdistricts are Huayuan Subdistrict [ zh] (花园街道), Xing'an Subdistrict [ zh] (兴安街道), Hailan Subdistrict [ zh] (海兰街道), and Xixing Subdistrict [ zh] (西兴街道). [2] [6]

The district's three towns are Xigangzi [ zh] (西岗子镇), Aihui (瑷珲镇), and Handaqi [ zh] (罕达汽镇). [2] [6]

The district's five townships are Xingfu Township [ zh] (幸福乡), Shangmachang Township [ zh] (上马厂乡), Zhangdiyingzi Township [ zh] (张地营子乡), Xifengshan Township [ zh] (西峰山乡), and Erzhan Township [ zh] (二站乡). [2] [6]

The district's three ethnic townships are Sijiazi Manchu Ethnic Township [ zh] (四嘉子满族乡, Manchu: ᠰᡟ ᡥᡳᠶᠠ ᠰᡳ᠋ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠ ᡤᠠᡧᠠᠨ), Kunhe Daur and Manchu Ethnic Township [ zh] (坤河达斡尔族满族乡, Manchu: ᡴᡡᠨ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡥᡡᡵ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠ ᡤᠠᡧᠠᠨ), and Xinsheng Oroqen Ethnic Township [ zh] (新生鄂伦春族乡). [2] [6]

The district also has 23 other township-level divisions, which include mines, farms, forestry areas, and other similar operations which have township-level status. [2] [6]

Demographics

About 18,500 persons (9.4% of the entire population) belong to ethnic minorites. [3] Aihui is home to 26 different ethnic groups, including Han Chinese, Manchu, Hui, Daur, Oroqen, Korean, and Mongol populations. [5]

As of the 1990s, the village of Dawujia ( Chinese: 大五家子屯), located in the district, remained one of the few pockets where the Manchu language was commonly spoken. [7]

Economy

The district is home to proven reserves of 69 different types of minerals. [5] Provel coal reserves total 1.1 billion tons, proven gold reserves are 80 tons, proven silicon reserves are 1 million tons, and proven limestone reserves total 12 million tons. [5] There are also sizable reserves of marble, basalt, perlite, and quartz sand. [5]

Transportation

National Highway 202 runs through the district, as does the Bei'an-Heihe railway. [4]

References

  1. ^ "2020年黑河市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报" (in Chinese). Heihe Municipal People's Government. 2021-05-28.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p 爱辉区历史沿革 [Aihui District Organizational History]. www.xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2013-02-21. Archived from the original on 2017-08-21. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  3. ^ a b c 爱辉区概况 (in Chinese (China)). Heihe People's Government. 2007-06-06. Archived from the original on 2012-12-25. Retrieved 2009-03-29.
  4. ^ a b c d 爱辉区概况地图 [Aihui District Overview]. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2013-02-21. Archived from the original on 2017-08-17. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  5. ^ a b c d e 爱辉区概况 [Aihui District Overview] (in Chinese). Heihe Municipal People's Government. 2013-03-15. Archived from the original on 2021-02-10. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  6. ^ a b c d e f 2020年统计用区划代码（爱辉区） [2020 Statistical Division Codes (Aihui District)] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-11-29. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
  7. ^ Kane, Daniel (1997). "Language death and language revivalism The case of Manchu". Central Asiatic Journal. 41 (2): 231–249. ISSN  0008-9192. JSTOR  41928113 – via JSTOR.
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