From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Agudar ('Creator'
[1] ) is the
creator god in
Aleutian mythology. The name is also alternately rendered as Agurur, Agûģuq, Agugux, Agu'gux or Agu'gux'.
Agudar is a universal force, similar to the concept of
Great Spirit in other
Native American religions .
[2] They are believed to be the creator of the universe,
[3]
[4] a hunting deity who watches over animals and hunters,
[5] a
reincarnation deity and a solar deity.
[6]
[7]
There is not much documented information about Agudar.
[8]
Worship and rituals
The worship of Agudar by men and women were performed separately, in sacred places such as caves.
[9] Only adult males were allowed in sacred ceremonies.
[3] When someone dies, commoners and slaves are cremated, and children and the upper class are mummified by stuffing the body with grass and oil and wrapped in fur before burial.
[3]
[5]
Ioannin Veniaminov, a member of the Russian Orthodoxy, noted a ritual where at dawn everyone would face the sun, open their mouths, and swallow the light because daylight represents life.
[4] Stepan Cherepanov noted that when hunting with the Aleut people, they would say a prayer asking for aid.
[10]
After the introduction and influence of
Russian Orthodoxy ,
[11] Agudar was also used to refer to the Christian
God .
[1]
[12]
References
^
a
b University of Alaska, Fairbanks (December 1954).
Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska . University of Alaska.
^ Utter, Jack (2001).
American Indians: Answers to Today's Questions . University of Oklahoma Press. p. 145.
ISBN
978-0-8061-3309-6 .
^
a
b
c Mitchell, Bruce M.; Salsbury, Robert E. (2000).
Multicultural Education in the U.S.: A Guide to Policies and Programs in the 50 States . Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 11.
ISBN
978-0-313-30859-8 .
^
a
b Atkins, Sean (2008-03-24).
"Spiritual and Secular Transculturation in Russian America, 1821-1867" . Past Imperfect . 13 . University of Alberta Libraries.
doi :
10.21971/p77p4w .
ISSN
1718-4487 .
^
a
b Werness, Hope B. (1 January 2006).
Continuum Encyclopedia of Animal Symbolism in World Art . A&C Black. pp. 270–271.
ISBN
978-0-8264-1913-2 .
^ B. J. Harrington, ed. (1881).
The Canadian Naturalist and Quarterly Journal of Science with the Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Montreal . p. 208.
^
Lantis, Margaret (1984). "Aleut". In William C. Sturtevant (ed.).
Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 5: Arctic . Vol. 5. Smithsonian. pp. 161–184.
ISBN
978-0-16-004580-6 .
^ Jochelson, Waldemar (2018-11-12).
The Yukaghir and the Yukaghirized Tungus . BoD – Books on Demand.
ISBN
978-3-942883-90-0 .
^ Peterson, Barbara Bennett (10 March 2015). Steven L. Danver (ed.).
Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues . Taylor & Francis.
ISBN
978-1-317-46399-3 .
^ III, Shepard Krech (2008).
Indians, Animals, and the Fur Trade: A Critique of Keepers of the Game . University of Georgia Press. p. 135.
ISBN
978-0-8203-3150-8 .
^ Jordan, Michael (14 May 2014).
Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses . Infobase Publishing. p. 7.
ISBN
978-1-4381-0985-5 .
^ Geoghegan, Richard Henry (1944). Fredericka I. Martin (ed.).
The Aleut language: the elements of Aleut grammar with a dictionary in two parts containing basic vocabularies of Aleut and English . Dept. of the Interior. p. 18.