Abhinav Bharat was named after the
Abhinav Bharat Society, an organisation founded by
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1904. The original organization believed in armed revolution, and was responsible for the assassinations of some officers[which?] of the ruling British government before being disbanded in 1952.[12]
The current Abhinav Bharat was founded in 2006 by Ramesh Upadhyay[4][5] and lieutenant-colonel Prasad Shrikant Purohit.[6][13] The first few meetings of the new group took place in 2007.[12] Himani Savarkar, the niece of
Nathuram Godse and the wife of Vinayak Savarkar's nephew, was elected president of the group in 2008.[12] During the first few meetings of the organisation, the members discussed the idea that Hinduism was in danger, and needed to be defended.[12] In 2008, several of its members were arrested on the suspicion of being involved in the
2006 Malegaon bombings, and its official website was closed down.[14]
Relationship with Sangh Parivar groups
Sangh Parivar representatives have distanced themselves from Abhinav Bharat (AB).[15]Praveen Togadia, the former head of the
VHP, fears that Abhinav Bharat is diverting radicals from the VHP, from where much of the Abhinav Bharat membership originates.[16] Abhinav Bharat has also been accused of plotting to kill senior
RSS leaders, including RSS Chief
Mohan Bhagwat, who the Sangh Parivar thought wasn't doing enough for
Hindutva.[17][18]
The Caravan conducted interviews of
Swami Aseemanand to publish an exclusive profile,[19] in which he named Bhagwat in relation to
2007 Samjhauta Express bombings,
Ajmer Dargah attack and
Mecca Masjid bombing. Later, Aseemanand called the magazine article "fabricated" and threatened to launch legal action against the article's author. However, the Caravan defended its report and released tape recordings and transcripts of the interviews.[20][21] The
National Investigation Agency (NIA), which investigating Aseemanand, said that he never named any RSS leader during questioning. The RSS, too, has denied the allegations.[citation needed]
Allegations of involvement in bombings
Following the arrest and investigation of Abhinav Bharat members Swami Aseemanand, Shrikant Purohit,
Sadhvi Pragya Thakur, Lokesh Sharma, Kamal Chauhan, Sunil Joshi, and Rajendra Choudhary in connection with the 2006 Malegaon blasts,[22] the organization has been investigated for its alleged role in
2007 Samjhauta Express bombings,
Malegaon blasts,
Mecca Masjid bombing,
Ajmer Sharif Dargah blast and Jalna mosque bomb attack. In all these bombings 147 people were killed.[8][23] Anti-Terrorism Squad Investigations have revealed that serving and retired army officers
associated with Abhinav Bharat hijacked the organisation and motivated the youth to take up armed struggle against Muslims.[24]Swapan Dasgupta notes that the group seemed little more "than a letterhead or part of a fantasy world".[25]
Praveen Mutalik, who was arrested for his alleged role in the
2008 Malegaon blasts, is alleged to have received more than ₹3 lakh (US$3,800) from Prasad Shrikant Purohit, a co-founder of the Abhinav Bharat.[6] Furthermore, the
Anti Terrorist Squad has claimed that Ajay Rahirkar, the treasurer of Abhinav Bharat, received ₹10 lakh (US$13,000) from various hawaladars.[26]