He is a specialist in all four traditional
Sunni schools, with an emphasis on the
MalikiMadh'hab. Currently he is the president of the Forum for Promoting Peace in Muslim Societies.[7] Bin Bayyah is involved in a number of scholarly councils including the Islamic Fiqh Council, a Saudi-based Institute. He was also the vice-president of the
International Union of Muslim Scholars.[8] from which he resigned in 2014.[9][10] He was also a member of the Dublin-based
European Council for Fatwa and Research, a council of Muslim clerics that aims to explain
Islamic law in a way that is sensitive to the realities of European Muslims.[11] For over two decades, in relation to the latter two institutions, he worked closely with the
Egyptian scholar
Yusuf al-Qaradawi.[5] However, after the
Arab Springs, Bin Bayyah distanced himself from Qaradawi and the International Union of Muslim scholars, instead founding the UAE-based Forum for Promoting Peace in Muslim Societies.[12] The Forum has attracted huge controversy for its close ties to the UAE government as well as Bin Bayyahs personal support for authoritarian leaders.[13][14][15]
Early career
Bin Bayyah was born in 1935[1] in
Timbédra in a household with an Islamic environment in which he studied all of the
Islamic sciences. He began his formal studies with his father, Mahfoudh; meanwhile, he studied
Arabic with Mohammed Salem bin al-Sheen,
Quran with Bayyah bin al-Salik al-Misumi.[16]
In his youth, he was appointed to study legal judgments in
Tunis. On returning to Mauritania, he became minister of education and later minister of justice. He was also appointed a vice president of the first
president of Mauritania.[4] He resides in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and teaches Islamic Legal Methodology, Qur'an and Arabic at the
King Abdulaziz University. He is fluent in
Arabic and
French.[17]Hamza Yusuf serves as his translator.[17]
Views
Sufism
Bin Bayyah is a promoter of Sufism.[18] He believes that
Tasawwuf (which he defines as the seeking of perfection through the love for and longing towards meeting
Allah) needs to be revived in the Islamic
Ummah and restored as an Islamic science.[18] He also asserts that various Sufi practices - including the use of
dhikr beads,
Tawassul (using the righteous as a means to gain Allah’s blessings),
Tabarruk (deriving blessings from the relics of the deceased), and
visiting the graves of the
Awliya - all have a "solid basis in Islam."[18] Bin Bayyah asserts that although Sufis strive to attain
Ihsan, the highest level of faith in Islam, it is only attainable once one has mastered the first two levels of faith,
Islam (the focus of
jurists) and
Iman (the focus of
theologians).[19]
Bin Bayyah states: "That space of overflowing love,
light, passion, insight, transparency, transcendence, and spirituality must have some container and some action to exist within and by. Actually, it is the inseparability and interdependence of the body and the soul. There must be a discipline with its own rules and terminology to represent such perfection aspired to by the highly-determined. That discipline took various names such as “sermons”, as used by Al-Bukhari, and “asceticism”, as in early Sunnah. Eventually, it was agreed to be named “Tasawuff”, just as the discipline of the Sharia was to be called Fiqh."[19]
On extremism
Bin Bayyah is one of the signatories of the
Amman Message, which gives a broad foundation for defining Muslim orthodoxy.[20] He is also a signatory to the
Letter to Baghdadi, an open letter to
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of the
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. The Letter to Baghdadi is a theological refutation of the practices of the
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria.[21] In 2014, he issued a fatwa against the extremist terrorist group
ISIS[22] and was famously quoted in a later interview on CNN for saying, "I call to life, not to death."[23] In subsequent years, Bin Bayyah has addressed think tanks and similar audiences such as The Council on Foreign Relations.[24]
Awarded the King Abdullah II of Jordan Prize for Scholars and Callers to God, Jordan[citation needed]
The Degree of the Organisation of Islamic Conference with Distinction, and others[citation needed]
Awarded the Chinguetti Prize for the Category of Islamic Studies for his book “A Dialogue from Afar”[30]
The “Ma’al Hijrah[31]” award from King Sultan Abdullah Sultan Ahmad Shah of Malaysia for his efforts in spreading science, values of peace, tolerance, coexistence and positive influence in the world.