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One hundred years, from 2500 BC to 2401 BC
The 25th century BC comprises the years from 2500 BC to 2401 BC.
Events
The ruined
pyramid of Userkaf at
Saqqara . He was the founder of the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt
c. 2900–2334 BC :
Mesopotamian wars of the
Early Dynastic period .
c. 2500 BC :
Rice was first introduced to
Malaysia
c. 2500 BC :
Scribal schools flourish throughout
Sumer .
c. 2500 BC :
Assyria is established.
c. 2500 BC : Cylinder seal from
Sumer and its impression are made. It is now in the
Metropolitan Museum of Art , New York.
c. 2500 BC : Excavation and development of the
Hypogeum of Ħal-Saflieni at
Paola, Malta , a subterranean temple complex subsequently used as a
necropolis .
c. 2500 BC : The
Pyramid of Khafre ,
Giza , is built.
c. 2500 BC : The sculpture
Khafre Enthroned is made.
c. 2500 BC : People in
Peru rely on fish and mussels for food.
c. 2500 BC : Evidence of long-distance trade routes in
South America .
[1]
c. 2500 BC :
Skara Brae is abandoned after approximately 600 years of occupation.
c. 2500–2250 BC :
Ebla tablets are collected in the ancient city of
Ebla ,
Syria . Discovered by
Italian archaeologist
Paolo Matthiae and his team in 1974–75, is considered to be the first, if not the oldest, inactive library being the
St. Catherine's Monastery Library (
565 ) the oldest active one.
c. 2500–2000 BC :
Mohenjo-daro is about 7 square miles (18 km2 ) in size and has a population of c. 20,000 to 50,000.
c. 2494–2345 BC : "Sculptors at work", relief from
Saqqara ,
Fifth Dynasty . It is now at
Egyptian Museum ,
Cairo ,
Egypt .
c. 2494–2345 BC :
The Seated Scribe , a sculpture found at
Saqqara ,
Fifth Dynasty of Egypt is made. It is now in
Musée du Louvre , Paris.
2492 BC : Traditional date for the legendary foundation of
Armenia by
Hayk .
c. 2450 BC : End of the Early Dynastic IIIa Period and beginning of the Early Dynastic IIIb Period in
Sumer .
c. 2450 BC :
Kish is lost to
Hamazi tribesmen of the
Kurdistan mountains;
Elam under the
Awan dynasty occupies parts of Sumer. (Roux 1980)
c. 2410 BC : By this time, kings in
Sumer have ceased to be automatically high priests of the
city deity . (Roux 1980) Infiltration and conquest of
Mesopotamia by
ancient Semitic-speaking peoples begins. (1968 RD Almanac)
c. 2400–2200 BC : Construction of
Stonehenge
Megalithic culture begins to spread through Europe and the western Mediterranean. (1968 RD Almanac)
Earliest signs of
Corded Ware culture from the
Caucasus . (Encyc. Americana)
Southeastern
Spain is settled from the Mediterranean, by people using
Prehistoric Egyptian -style pottery. (Encyc. Americana)
Amorites and
Canaanites occupy
Syria and
Lebanon . (Encyc. Americana)
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
The
Indus Valley civilisation , at its peak, covered an area of around 480,000 km2 (185,000 sq mi), an area just over half the size of present-day Pakistan. Its heartland lay in the
Indus River in
Pakistan , but settlements spread as far as the Makran coast,
Balochistan ,
Afghanistan , eastern
Punjab ,
Kutch and
Saurashtra . They included cities like
Harappa ,
Mohenjo-daro ,
Kalibangan ,
Dholavira , ports like
Lothal ,
Sutkagen-dor and
Sokhta Koh and numerous villages as well. They used irrigation to farm and constructed cities. The two main cities had sewage systems, bronze, trade tokens (early coins), and hieroglyphs. There were even baths at one of the villages, besides the great baths of brick in each city.
Sahure is the earliest known king to make use of a high-seas navy to transport troops over the sea.
The earliest known example of a
sewn boat is constructed in Egypt.
Cycladic marble figures depict the use of both the musical
pipe and the
cithara . (Archaeology of the Olympics 1988)
Earliest surviving
ski is left in a
bog at
Hoting ,
Sweden , about this time. (Encyc. Americana)
Sumerians use domestic
donkeys on war
chariots (Standard of Ur), not
onagers as early interpreters claimed. (Clutton-Brock)
Agriculture at
Huaca Prieta includes
cotton and
calabashes . (Bailey 1973)
Statue of Ebih-Il , at
Mari
References