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The 2024 United Kingdom general election in England is scheduled to be held on Thursday 4 July across 543 constituencies within England.
In July 2019, Boris Johnson was elected to succeed Theresa May as prime minister, following May's resignation after Parliament repeatedly voted against her proposed Brexit deal and the Conservative Party's poor results in the European Parliament election. The Conservatives had governed since the 2010 general election, initially in coalition with the Liberal Democrats and then alone with a small majority following the 2015 general election. With insufficient parliamentary support for his Brexit plans, Johnson called the 2019 general election, in which the Conservatives won a landslide victory, and Johnson was able to pass a revised version of May's withdrawal agreement.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK, Johnson and his government had instituted public health restrictions, including limitations on social interaction, that Johnson and some of his staff were later found to have broken. The resulting political scandal ( Partygate), one of many in a string of controversies that characterised Johnson's premiership, severely damaged his personal reputation. The situation escalated with the Chris Pincher scandal in July 2022, and led to a mass resignation of members of his government, culminating when Johnson announced his resignation on 7 July. [3] He resigned as an MP the following year after an investigation into his conduct unanimously found that he had lied to the Commons about lockdown parties on numerous occasions. Liz Truss was elected to succeed Johnson on 5 September, and assumed the premiership the following day. Truss and her chancellor, Kwasi Kwarteng, announced large-scale tax cuts and borrowing in a mini-budget on 23 September, which was widely criticised and – after it rapidly led to financial instability – largely reversed. Following mounting criticism and loss of confidence in her leadership, Truss announced her resignation on 20 October, which made her the shortest-serving prime minister in British history. [4]
Rishi Sunak was elected unopposed to succeed Truss on 24 October and assumed the premiership on the following day, and reversed many of the economic measures Truss had made. [5] [6] During his premiership Sunak has been credited with improving the economy and stabilising national politics following the premierships of his predecessors, although many of his pledges and policy announcements have ultimately been unfulfilled. He has not averted further unpopularity for the Conservatives—who, by the time of Sunak's election, had been in government for 12 years.
Although Sunak's premiership has not been as controversial or politically chaotic when compared with his two predecessors, a number of scandals involving former members of his cabinet including Gavin Williamson, Nadhim Zahawi, Dominic Raab and Suella Braverman occurred from November 2022 to November 2023. Amid each of these scandals, Sunak received criticism for allowing them in his cabinet. [7] [8] These scandals were seen as a contradiction to Sunak's promise of "a government of integrity, professionalism and accountability at every level" when he became prime minister. [9]
The extreme political turmoil resulting from these scandals and government crises has led to the opposition Labour Party led by Keir Starmer having a significant lead in polling over the Conservatives since late 2021, coinciding with the start of the Partygate scandal. Public opinion in favour of a change in government was reflected in the Conservatives' poor performance at the 2022 and 2023 local elections, in which Labour and the Liberal Democrats made gains from Conservatives, often by very wide margins. The parties made further gains in the 2024 local elections, in which both Labour and the Liberal Democrats had a greater number of successful candidates than the Conservatives. Labour became the party with most members elected to local government for the first time since 2002, while the Liberal Democrats finished second for the first time in a local election cycle since 2009. Many by-elections were won by their candidates, and a record number of Conservative MPs did not stand for re-election. [10]
The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [11] Due to population growth, England will elect 10 more MPs than in 2019. [12] North East, North West, and West Midlands lost seats, while East Midlands, East, London, South East, and South West gained seats. [13]
The East of England will elect 61 MPs, which is 3 more than the 58 elected in 2019 general election. [14] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [15] In the 2019 general election, the Conservatives won 52 seats in the region. [16] Labour won 5 and the Liberal Democrats won 1 seat St Albans. [17]
Parties | Number of candidates [18] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 61 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 61 | |
Labour Party | 61 | |
Liberal Democrats | 61 | |
Reform UK | 60 | |
Independents | 37 (29 constituencies) | |
Social Democratic Party | 10 | |
Workers Party of Britain | 7 | |
Heritage Party | 8 | |
Co-operative Party | 4 [19] | |
Christian Peoples Alliance | 3 | |
Communist Party of Britain | 3 | |
Party of Women | 3 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 3 | |
UKIP | 3 | |
Climate Party | 2 | |
Confelicity Party | 2 | |
English Democrats | 2 | |
Rejoin EU | 2 | |
Alliance for Democracy and Freedom | 1 | |
British Democrats | 1 | |
English Constitution Party | 1 | |
Independent Network | 1 | |
Patriots Alliance - English Democrats and UKIP | 1 | |
Psychedelic Movement | 1 | |
Rebooting Democracy | 1 | |
Shared Ground | 1 | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 1 | |
UK Voice | 1 | |
Total | 400 |
The East Midlands will elect 47 MPs, which is one more than the 46 elected in 2019 general election. [20] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [21] In the 2019 general election, the Conservatives won 38 seats in the region and Labour won 8. [22]
Parties | Number of candidates [23] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 47 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 47 | |
Labour Party | 47 | |
Liberal Democrats | 47 | |
Reform UK | 47 | |
Independents | 37 (26 constituencies) | |
Workers Party of Britain | 10 | |
Social Democratic Party | 7 | |
Co-operative Party | 3 [24] | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 3 | |
Alliance for Democracy and Freedom | 2 | |
English Democrats | 2 | |
Lincolnshire Independents | 2 | |
One Leicester | 2 | |
Rejoin EU | 2 | |
Socialist Labour Party | 2 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 2 | |
Ashfield Independents | 1 | |
Blue Revolution Party | 1 | |
Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Independents (CANDI) | 1 | |
Climate Party | 1 | |
Communist Party of Britain | 1 | |
Freedom Alliance | 1 | |
Independent Network | 1 | |
Liberal Party | 1 | |
True and Fair Party | 1 | |
Total | 315 |
Greater London will elect 75 MPs, which is 2 more than the 73 elected in 2019 general election. [25]The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [26]
Parties | Number of candidates [27] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 75 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 75 | |
Labour Party | 75 | |
Liberal Democrats | 75 | |
Reform UK | 75 | |
Independents | 81 (47 constituencies) | |
Workers Party of Britain | 44 | |
Rejoin EU | 15 | |
Social Democratic Party | 14 | |
Christian Peoples Alliance | 11 | |
Co-operative Party | 9 [28] | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 7 | |
Party of Women | 3 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 3 | |
Workers Revolutionary Party | 3 | |
Climate Party | 2 | |
Heritage Party | 2 | |
UKIP | 2 | |
Alliance for Green Socialism | 1 | |
Animal Welfare Party | 1 | |
Communist League | 1 | |
Communist Party of Britain | 1 | |
English Constitution Party | 1 | |
Kingston Independent Residents Group (KIRG) | 1 | |
Newham Independents Party | 1 | |
Shared Ground | 1 | |
Socialist Equality Party | 1 | |
Socialist Party of Great Britain | 1 | |
Taking the Initiative Party | 1 | |
The Mitre TW9 | 1 | |
The Yoruba Party in the UK | 1 | |
Total | 575 |
North East England will elect 27 MPs, which is two fewer than the 29 elected in 2019 general election. [29] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [30] In the 2019 general election, Labour won 19 seats and the Conservatives won 10. [31]
Parties | Number of candidates [32] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 27 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 27 | |
Labour Party | 27 | |
Liberal Democrats | 27 | |
Reform UK | 25 | |
Independents | 17 (11 constituencies) | |
Social Democratic Party | 10 | |
Workers Party of Britain | 5 | |
Co-operative Party | 2 [33] | |
Heritage Party | 2 | |
Party of Women | 2 | |
Transform | 2 | |
Alliance for Democracy and Freedom | 1 | |
Communist Party of Britain | 1 | |
Independents for Direct Democracy | 1 | |
Save Us Now | 1 | |
North East Party | 1 | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 1 | |
Total | 177 |
North West England will elect 73 MPs, which is 2 less than the 75 elected in 2019 general election. [34] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [35] In the 2019 general election, the Conservatives won 32 seats in the region and Labour won 42. [36]
Parties | Number of candidates [37] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 72 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 72 | |
Labour Party | 72 | |
Reform UK | 72 | |
Liberal Democrats | 71 | |
Independents | 55 (36 constituencies) | |
Workers Party of Britain | 27 | |
Social Democratic Party | 13 | |
Co-operative Party | 8 [38] | |
Liberal Party | 5 | |
English Democrats | 4 | |
Alliance for Democracy and Freedom | 3 | |
Rejoin EU | 3 | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 3 | |
English Constitution Party | 2 | |
Freedom Alliance | 2 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 2 | |
Communist Future | 1 | |
Communist League | 1 | |
Communist Party of Britain | 1 | |
Democracy for Chorley | 1 | |
Heritage Party | 1 | |
Liverpool Community Independents | 1 | |
National Health Action Party | 1 | |
Party of Women | 1 | |
Putting Crewe First, Independent Residents Group | 1 | |
Speaker | 1 | |
Stockport Fights Austerity No To Cuts | 1 | |
UKIP | 1 | |
Women's Equality Party | 1 | |
Workers Revolutionary Party | 1 | |
Total | 492 |
South East England will elect 91 MPs, which is 7 more than the 84 elected in 2019 general election. [39] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [40] In the 2019 general election, the Conservatives won 74 seats in the region and Labour won 8. [41] The Liberal Democrats held Oxford West and Abingdon and the Greens held Brighton Pavilion. [42]
Parties | Number of candidates [43] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 91 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 91 | |
Labour Party | 91 | |
Liberal Democrats | 91 | |
Reform UK | 86 | |
Independents | 52 (37 constituencies) | |
Social Democratic Party | 28 | |
Heritage Party | 13 | |
Workers Party of Britain | 13 | |
Hampshire Independents | 10 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 6 | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 5 | |
UKIP | 5 | |
Co-operative Party | 4 [44] | |
Christian Peoples Alliance | 3 | |
Climate Party | 3 | |
Rejoin EU | 3 | |
Animal Welfare Party | 2 | |
British Democrats | 2 | |
English Democrats | 2 | |
Independent Network | 2 | |
Party of Women | 2 | |
Peace Party | 2 | |
Alliance for Democracy and Freedom | 1 | |
Communist Party of Britain | 1 | |
Consensus | 1 | |
Fairer Voting Party | 1 | |
Freedom Alliance | 1 | |
Independent Alliance (Kent) | 1 | |
Independent Oxford Alliance | 1 | |
Libertarian Party | 1 | |
Portsmouth Independents Party | 1 | |
Swale Independents | 1 | |
Socialist Party of Great Britain | 1 | |
True and Fair Party | 1 | |
Women's Equality Party | 1 | |
Workers Revolutionary Party | 1 | |
Total | 617 |
South West England will elect 58 MPs, which is 3 more than the 55 elected in 2019 general election. [45] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [46] In the 2019 general election, the Conservatives won 48 seats in the region and Labour won 6. [47] The Liberal Democrats held Bath. [48]
Parties | Number of candidates [49] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 58 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 58 | |
Labour Party | 58 | |
Liberal Democrats | 58 | |
Reform UK | 54 | |
Independents | 47 (35 constituencies) | |
Social Democratic Party | 10 | |
Workers Party of Britain | 6 | |
Heritage Party | 5 | |
Liberal Party | 5 | |
Socialist Labour Party | 4 | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 4 | |
UKIP | 4 | |
Co-operative Party | 3 [50] | |
Christian Peoples Alliance | 2 | |
Climate Party | 2 | |
Party of Women | 2 | |
Volt UK | 2 | |
Animal Welfare Party | 1 | |
Communist Party of Britain | 1 | |
South Devon Alliance | 1 | |
The Common People | 1 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 1 | |
True and Fair Party | 1 | |
Total | 385 |
The West Midlands will elect 57 MPs, which is 2 fewer than the 59 elected in 2019 general election. [51] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [52] In the 2019 general election, the Conservatives won 44 seats in the region and Labour won 15. [53] The 2024 battleground in the West Midlands are seats based in Birmingham, Coventry and Sandwell. [54]
Parties | Number of candidates [55] | |
---|---|---|
Conservative Party | 57 | |
Green Party of England and Wales | 57 | |
Labour Party | 57 | |
Liberal Democrats | 57 | |
Reform UK | 56 | |
Independents | 43 (29 constituencies) | |
Workers Party of Britain | 15 | |
Social Democratic Party | 5 | |
UKIP | 5 | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 4 | |
Co-operative Party | 2 [56] | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 2 | |
The Common Good | 1 | |
English Democrats | 1 | |
Heritage Party | 1 | |
Independent Network | 1 | |
New Open Non-Political Organised Leadership | 1 | |
Party of Women | 1 | |
Socialist Labour Party | 1 | |
Total | 365 |
Yorkshire and the Humber will elect 54 MPs, which is the same amount elected in 2019 general election. [57] The election will be fought under the boundaries created by the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. [58] In the 2019 general election, the Conservatives won 26 seats in the region and Labour won 28. [59]
Parties | Number of candidates [60] | |
---|---|---|
Green Party of England and Wales | 54 | |
Labour Party | 54 | |
Liberal Democrats | 54 | |
Conservative Party | 53 | |
Reform UK | 47 | |
Yorkshire Party | 27 | |
Independents | 39 (24 constituencies) | |
Social Democratic Party | 23 | |
Workers Party of Britain | 17 | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition | 6 | |
Co-operative Party | 5 [61] | |
Christian Peoples Alliance | 3 | |
Climate Party | 2 | |
English Democrats | 2 | |
Heritage Party | 2 | |
Party of Women | 2 | |
Alliance for Democracy and Freedom | 1 | |
Alliance for Green Socialism | 1 | |
British Democrats | 1 | |
Count Binface Party | 1 | |
Patriots Alliance - English Democrats and UKIP | 1 | |
Rejoin EU | 1 | |
Social Justice Party | 1 | |
Socialist Labour Party | 1 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | 1 | |
Total | 394 |
The maximum term of a Parliament is five years from the day on which it first met. The current Parliament first met on Tuesday 17 December 2019 and will automatically dissolve on Tuesday 17 December 2024, unless it has been dissolved sooner by the King.